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Author S. Aryal |
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in Summer crops research in Nepal: Proceedings of the 25th Summer Crops Workshop held at Kathmandu 21-23 June 2007 / Adhikari, N.P.
Title : Effect of different fertilizers in reducing methane gas (Ch4) emission from rice fields Material Type: printed text Authors: G Malla, Editor ; S. Aryal, Author ; A. Sharma, Author ; Y.G Dr. Khadka, Author ; K.K Sherchand, Author Publication Date: 2010 Pagination: 460-464 p. Keywords: Global warming ; methane emission rice Abstract: Methane is the second most important "greenhouse gas "contributing 15% role in global warming. Effects of seven treatments i.e. Control,
100:30:30 NPK kglha, 50:0:0 + 15 em stubble, FYM 10 tonlha, Soybean 15 days old (GM), 100:30:30 NPKkglha +nitrification inhibitor 10% neem oil (Azadimchta melia) and 100:30:30 NPK kglha +ammonium sulfate (instead of urea) from LTFf (Soil Science Division) was observed at Khumaltar. The experiment was carried out in RCBD design with four replications. The closed chamber technique was used for samples collection and analyzed in Flame Ionization Detector (FID) in the Gas Chromatography (GC). Flux was ranged from 7.14 to 49.03 kglha. /rice growing period in control and 50%N + 15 em stubble respectively. Reduction in CH4 emissions in treatments neem oil and ammonium sulfate were 33.2% and 15% respectively. Application ofFYM and stubble increased CH4 emissions by 2.3% and 46.7% respectively. Higher yield 5.31 ton /ha was in the T 12 (NH4)2 S04 treated plots and lower 3.35 tonlha was in the control plot Global warming potential was found lower in soybean, neem oil and (NH4) 2 S04 and higher in stubble, FYM, suggesting that soybean, neem oil and sulfate fertilizer can be used for reducing CH4 from rice fields. Therefore, use of such materials should be encouraged. A monitoring system for greenhouse emission is a must for reducing global warming.
Link for e-copy: http://elibrary.narc.gov.np/?r=1052 Effect of different fertilizers in reducing methane gas (Ch4) emission from rice fields [printed text] / G Malla, Editor ; S. Aryal, Author ; A. Sharma, Author ; Y.G Dr. Khadka, Author ; K.K Sherchand, Author . - 2010 . - 460-464 p.
in Summer crops research in Nepal: Proceedings of the 25th Summer Crops Workshop held at Kathmandu 21-23 June 2007 / Adhikari, N.P.
Keywords: Global warming ; methane emission rice Abstract: Methane is the second most important "greenhouse gas "contributing 15% role in global warming. Effects of seven treatments i.e. Control,
100:30:30 NPK kglha, 50:0:0 + 15 em stubble, FYM 10 tonlha, Soybean 15 days old (GM), 100:30:30 NPKkglha +nitrification inhibitor 10% neem oil (Azadimchta melia) and 100:30:30 NPK kglha +ammonium sulfate (instead of urea) from LTFf (Soil Science Division) was observed at Khumaltar. The experiment was carried out in RCBD design with four replications. The closed chamber technique was used for samples collection and analyzed in Flame Ionization Detector (FID) in the Gas Chromatography (GC). Flux was ranged from 7.14 to 49.03 kglha. /rice growing period in control and 50%N + 15 em stubble respectively. Reduction in CH4 emissions in treatments neem oil and ammonium sulfate were 33.2% and 15% respectively. Application ofFYM and stubble increased CH4 emissions by 2.3% and 46.7% respectively. Higher yield 5.31 ton /ha was in the T 12 (NH4)2 S04 treated plots and lower 3.35 tonlha was in the control plot Global warming potential was found lower in soybean, neem oil and (NH4) 2 S04 and higher in stubble, FYM, suggesting that soybean, neem oil and sulfate fertilizer can be used for reducing CH4 from rice fields. Therefore, use of such materials should be encouraged. A monitoring system for greenhouse emission is a must for reducing global warming.
Link for e-copy: http://elibrary.narc.gov.np/?r=1052 E-copies
http://nkcs.org.np/narc/dl/?r=1052URLSurvey on Magnitude of Insecticides Use in Vegetable Crops / Maharjan, R ; S. Aryal ; B. P. Mainali ; Bista, S. ; Manandhar, D.N. ; Giri, Y.P. ; Paneru, R.B.
Title : Survey on Magnitude of Insecticides Use in Vegetable Crops Material Type: printed text Authors: Maharjan, R, Author ; S. Aryal, Author ; B. P. Mainali, Author ; Bista, S., Author ; Manandhar, D.N., Author ; Giri, Y.P., Author ; Paneru, R.B., Author Pagination: 291-298 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: insect pests, mid-hills, pesticides, tcrai, vegetable crops Abstract: A survey was carried out in vegetable pocket areas of Dhankuta, Baglung, Dhading (midhills)
and Bara (tercti) Districts with an objective to fitul out the magnitude of pesticide use in
different vegetable crops. A total of 25-35 vegetable farmers were interrogated from each
district using semi-structured questionnaires. Effons were made to gather information on
types of vegetable grown, prevalence of insect pests and diseases, extent of damage caused
by pests and commonly used pest management methods and materials, and pesticide
application frequencies. Data showed that the cabbage, cauliflower, rayo, pea, radish.
carrot, eggplants. onion, different kinds of gourds, cucumber etc are the major vegetable
crops grown in all surveyed districts. Insect pests were identified as the major cause for
quantitative and qualitative loss in vegetable crops in all the districts. Most damaging insects
in the mid-hills in different seasons were aphid, white grub, diamond back moth, cabbage
buttetfly, red ant, cutworms, flea beetles, fntit fly, whereas eggplant shoot and fruit borer,
red pumpkin beetle, fmit fly, cab~age butteifly were found responsible for major damages in
terai plains. All the interrogated farmers applied chemical pesticides for the management of
these pests. The major chemical pesticides that were used for the management of pests like
aphids, diamond back moth and cabbage buttetf/y were metacid, anumite, cypermethrin etc.
and pesticides often used to manage soil insects (red ant, cut worm, white grub) were
clzloropyriphO.\', phorate and malathion dusts. The pesticide frequency of pesticide
application wa~ higher in summer vegetable crops i.e. 10-22 times in a crop season as
compared to wiflter vegetable crops (2-16 times/crop season) in all the four districts.Link for e-copy: http://elibrary.narc.gov.np/?r=517 Survey on Magnitude of Insecticides Use in Vegetable Crops [printed text] / Maharjan, R, Author ; S. Aryal, Author ; B. P. Mainali, Author ; Bista, S., Author ; Manandhar, D.N., Author ; Giri, Y.P., Author ; Paneru, R.B., Author . - [s.d.] . - 291-298 p.
Languages : English (eng)
Keywords: insect pests, mid-hills, pesticides, tcrai, vegetable crops Abstract: A survey was carried out in vegetable pocket areas of Dhankuta, Baglung, Dhading (midhills)
and Bara (tercti) Districts with an objective to fitul out the magnitude of pesticide use in
different vegetable crops. A total of 25-35 vegetable farmers were interrogated from each
district using semi-structured questionnaires. Effons were made to gather information on
types of vegetable grown, prevalence of insect pests and diseases, extent of damage caused
by pests and commonly used pest management methods and materials, and pesticide
application frequencies. Data showed that the cabbage, cauliflower, rayo, pea, radish.
carrot, eggplants. onion, different kinds of gourds, cucumber etc are the major vegetable
crops grown in all surveyed districts. Insect pests were identified as the major cause for
quantitative and qualitative loss in vegetable crops in all the districts. Most damaging insects
in the mid-hills in different seasons were aphid, white grub, diamond back moth, cabbage
buttetfly, red ant, cutworms, flea beetles, fntit fly, whereas eggplant shoot and fruit borer,
red pumpkin beetle, fmit fly, cab~age butteifly were found responsible for major damages in
terai plains. All the interrogated farmers applied chemical pesticides for the management of
these pests. The major chemical pesticides that were used for the management of pests like
aphids, diamond back moth and cabbage buttetf/y were metacid, anumite, cypermethrin etc.
and pesticides often used to manage soil insects (red ant, cut worm, white grub) were
clzloropyriphO.\', phorate and malathion dusts. The pesticide frequency of pesticide
application wa~ higher in summer vegetable crops i.e. 10-22 times in a crop season as
compared to wiflter vegetable crops (2-16 times/crop season) in all the four districts.Link for e-copy: http://elibrary.narc.gov.np/?r=517 E-copies
http://nkcs.org.np/narc/dl/?r=517URL
Title : Evaluation of Bio-Pesticides Against Tomato Fruit Worm, Helicoverpa Armigera Hubner, on Tomato at Khumaltar Material Type: printed text Authors: Paneru, R.B., Author ; S. Aryal, Author Pagination: 391-397 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: bio pesticides, environment, human health, tomato fruit worm. Abstract: Tomato production has become risky in Nepal with the potential for significant losses due to
insects. Tomato fruit worm H. armigera is the major problematic insects of tomato and has
been considered as the national priority entomological research problem of Nepal. Farmers
in general have been using chemical insecticides as prophylactic spray at higher doses to
manage this insect. It is reported that a serious unrecoverable problem is arising due to
misuse and overuse of chemical insecticides. Bio-pesticides namely Bacillus tlmringiensis K.,
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus-helicide (NPV-He) and Bio-multi-neem are commercially
available bio-pesticides impmted from India and already recommended for the management
of insect pests in Nepal. A srudy was carried out to evaluate the potential efficacy of abovementioned
bio-pesticides at recommended dose and double than recommended dose against
H. am1igera on tomato crops under natural epiphytotic condition for two years (2000/2001
and 2001102) in NARC, Khumaltar complex. Based on the parameters like, quantity of
marketable tomato fruit yield and %fruits bored by H. armigera, the treatment Bacillus
thuringiensis K. @ 3 g per litre of water - the dose double of recommended, was found
superior to other treatments. Minimum number of fruits was bored by the H. armigera in the
plants sprayed with chemical pesticides (Thiodane 35 EC @ 1.5 ml per litre water) but the
number of fruits rotten was higher than that of fruits treated with B. t. treatmeflls. While
considering the possible several negative side effects of chemical pesticides on human health
and environments, this study suggests that the application of B.t. @ 3 g per liter water will
be the most desirable technique for the management of H. armigera in such a directly
consumable tomato fruits.Link for e-copy: http://elibrary.narc.gov.np/?r=675 Evaluation of Bio-Pesticides Against Tomato Fruit Worm, Helicoverpa Armigera Hubner, on Tomato at Khumaltar [printed text] / Paneru, R.B., Author ; S. Aryal, Author . - [s.d.] . - 391-397 p.
Languages : English (eng)
Keywords: bio pesticides, environment, human health, tomato fruit worm. Abstract: Tomato production has become risky in Nepal with the potential for significant losses due to
insects. Tomato fruit worm H. armigera is the major problematic insects of tomato and has
been considered as the national priority entomological research problem of Nepal. Farmers
in general have been using chemical insecticides as prophylactic spray at higher doses to
manage this insect. It is reported that a serious unrecoverable problem is arising due to
misuse and overuse of chemical insecticides. Bio-pesticides namely Bacillus tlmringiensis K.,
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus-helicide (NPV-He) and Bio-multi-neem are commercially
available bio-pesticides impmted from India and already recommended for the management
of insect pests in Nepal. A srudy was carried out to evaluate the potential efficacy of abovementioned
bio-pesticides at recommended dose and double than recommended dose against
H. am1igera on tomato crops under natural epiphytotic condition for two years (2000/2001
and 2001102) in NARC, Khumaltar complex. Based on the parameters like, quantity of
marketable tomato fruit yield and %fruits bored by H. armigera, the treatment Bacillus
thuringiensis K. @ 3 g per litre of water - the dose double of recommended, was found
superior to other treatments. Minimum number of fruits was bored by the H. armigera in the
plants sprayed with chemical pesticides (Thiodane 35 EC @ 1.5 ml per litre water) but the
number of fruits rotten was higher than that of fruits treated with B. t. treatmeflls. While
considering the possible several negative side effects of chemical pesticides on human health
and environments, this study suggests that the application of B.t. @ 3 g per liter water will
be the most desirable technique for the management of H. armigera in such a directly
consumable tomato fruits.Link for e-copy: http://elibrary.narc.gov.np/?r=675 E-copies
http://nkcs.org.np/narc/dl/?r=675URL
Title : Use of Insecticides on Vegetable Crops in Dhading District Material Type: printed text Authors: Giri, Y.P., Author ; B. P. Mainali, Author ; S. Aryal, Author ; Paneru, R.B., Author ; Bista, S., Author ; Maharjan, R, Author Pagination: 431-438 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: insect pests,, mid-hills, pesticides, vegetable farming, survey Abstract: Vegetable farming has become a profitable business along the roadside of mid-hills of Nepal.
Dhusatar VDC of Dhadhing is one of the vegetable farming pockets located in mid-hill just
82 km away from the capital (Kathmandu). A study was carried out in Dhusatar pocket
during 1999 through focus group discussion and household survey methods in order to
collect the information related with status of pesticide use for the insect pest managemeflt
over existing vegetable growing practices and land use pattern. Majority of cultivated land
was occupied by vegetable fam1ing, especially eggplant and cabbage during summer and
winter season respectively. These vegetables were grown in all types of land (Khet, Bari and
Pakho). Eggplant-cabbage cropping pattern was dominant one. The insect pests such as,
eggplant shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee), fruit fly (Dacus cucurbitae)
and hoppers (Homopteran) were major problems to crops causing about I 1 to 50% losses in
crop yield through combining pest complex illteraction. Similarly, cabbage butteifly (Pieris
brassicae Doubleday), tobacco caterpillar {Spodoptera litura Fab.), aphids {Aphis sp.),
diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella L). cut worms (Agrotis sp.) and tomato fruit borer
(Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) were major problems in winter season inflicting up to 30%
losses. The use .of chemical insecticides· was oi1ly the means adopted by farmers for· insect
pest management. The chemical pesticide belonging to Syllthetic pyrethroid and
Organophosphate groups were commonly used by the farmers with an increased dose and
frequency over the years. Moreover, the recommended dose, application method and safety
measures for the application of pesticides were also not properly followed by the famlers.
The survey has clearly indicated that majority of famlers were not acquainted with
Integrated Pest Managemeflt approaches and they were willing to adopt methods other thar~
the use of chemical pesticides, if such altemative methods are provided by the line agencies
for restriction ofpesticidesLink for e-copy: http://elibrary.narc.gov.np/?r=683 Use of Insecticides on Vegetable Crops in Dhading District [printed text] / Giri, Y.P., Author ; B. P. Mainali, Author ; S. Aryal, Author ; Paneru, R.B., Author ; Bista, S., Author ; Maharjan, R, Author . - [s.d.] . - 431-438 p.
Languages : English (eng)
Keywords: insect pests,, mid-hills, pesticides, vegetable farming, survey Abstract: Vegetable farming has become a profitable business along the roadside of mid-hills of Nepal.
Dhusatar VDC of Dhadhing is one of the vegetable farming pockets located in mid-hill just
82 km away from the capital (Kathmandu). A study was carried out in Dhusatar pocket
during 1999 through focus group discussion and household survey methods in order to
collect the information related with status of pesticide use for the insect pest managemeflt
over existing vegetable growing practices and land use pattern. Majority of cultivated land
was occupied by vegetable fam1ing, especially eggplant and cabbage during summer and
winter season respectively. These vegetables were grown in all types of land (Khet, Bari and
Pakho). Eggplant-cabbage cropping pattern was dominant one. The insect pests such as,
eggplant shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee), fruit fly (Dacus cucurbitae)
and hoppers (Homopteran) were major problems to crops causing about I 1 to 50% losses in
crop yield through combining pest complex illteraction. Similarly, cabbage butteifly (Pieris
brassicae Doubleday), tobacco caterpillar {Spodoptera litura Fab.), aphids {Aphis sp.),
diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella L). cut worms (Agrotis sp.) and tomato fruit borer
(Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) were major problems in winter season inflicting up to 30%
losses. The use .of chemical insecticides· was oi1ly the means adopted by farmers for· insect
pest management. The chemical pesticide belonging to Syllthetic pyrethroid and
Organophosphate groups were commonly used by the farmers with an increased dose and
frequency over the years. Moreover, the recommended dose, application method and safety
measures for the application of pesticides were also not properly followed by the famlers.
The survey has clearly indicated that majority of famlers were not acquainted with
Integrated Pest Managemeflt approaches and they were willing to adopt methods other thar~
the use of chemical pesticides, if such altemative methods are provided by the line agencies
for restriction ofpesticidesLink for e-copy: http://elibrary.narc.gov.np/?r=683 E-copies
http://nkcs.org.np/narc/dl/?r=683URL
in Proceedings of the 5th National Outreach Research Workshop held at NARC, Lalitpur, 30-31 May 2000 / Joshi, Madhav
Title : On-farm evaluation of crop genotypes at the outreach sites of ARS Rampur Material Type: printed text Authors: Binaya K. Batsa, Author ; D.Sharma, Author ; Chaudhary, I.B., Author ; S. Aryal, Author ; G Hamal, Author ; A. Aryal, Author ; T. Ghimire, Author Pagination: 133-150 p. Languages : English (eng) On-farm evaluation of crop genotypes at the outreach sites of ARS Rampur [printed text] / Binaya K. Batsa, Author ; D.Sharma, Author ; Chaudhary, I.B., Author ; S. Aryal, Author ; G Hamal, Author ; A. Aryal, Author ; T. Ghimire, Author . - [s.d.] . - 133-150 p.
in Proceedings of the 5th National Outreach Research Workshop held at NARC, Lalitpur, 30-31 May 2000 / Joshi, Madhav
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