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Available articles
Effect of Different Sources of Nitrogen on Yield and Quality of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. Var. Italica) Varieties under Gaindakot, Nawalparashi, Nepal Condition / S Lamichhane in Nepalese Horticulture, v. 10: 1 ([07/25/2015])
Title : Effect of Different Sources of Nitrogen on Yield and Quality of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. Var. Italica) Varieties under Gaindakot, Nawalparashi, Nepal Condition Material Type: printed text Authors: S Lamichhane, Author ; M.D Sharma, Author ; S. S. Panta, Author Publication Date: 2015 Article on page: 9-15 p. Languages : English (eng) Abstract: The experiment was conducted at farmer's field of Gaindakot, Nawalparasi
during October 2012 to February 2013 to evaluate the influence of different
sources of nitrogen and varieties on yield and quality of broccoli. The
experiment was laid out in two- factorial RCBD with three replications. A total
of fifteen treatments with combination of five different sources of nitrogen and
three varieties were taken in each replication. The result showed that the variety
Premium Crop produced the highest (23.70 t/ha) terminal curd yield in
N50%Urea+N50%Vermi (20.30 t/ha) whereas Calabrese produced the highest (9.34
t/ha) auxiliary curd yield in N50%Urea+N50%Vermi (8.25 t/ha). Green Sprouting
produced the highest total yield (25.10 t/ha) in N50%Urea+N50%Vermi (28.55 t/ha).
Calabrese exhibited higher (13.27%) dry matter and the lowest (18.44%)
physiological weight loss of curd in N100FYM.. N50%Urea+N50%Vermi produced more
compact curd while N100%Vermi produced the most appreciable taste, color and
overall acceptability of curd. Premium Crop performed better regarding
compactness, color and acceptability of curd while Calabrese performed better
on taste. Thus, Calabrese along with N100%Vermi or N100%FYM would be suggested
for better quality regarding physiological weight loss and taste while Premium
crop along with N100%Vermi would be suggested for attractive color and overall
acceptability of curd.
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 9-15 p.[article] Effect of Different Sources of Nitrogen on Yield and Quality of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. Var. Italica) Varieties under Gaindakot, Nawalparashi, Nepal Condition [printed text] / S Lamichhane, Author ; M.D Sharma, Author ; S. S. Panta, Author . - 2015 . - 9-15 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 9-15 p.
Abstract: The experiment was conducted at farmer's field of Gaindakot, Nawalparasi
during October 2012 to February 2013 to evaluate the influence of different
sources of nitrogen and varieties on yield and quality of broccoli. The
experiment was laid out in two- factorial RCBD with three replications. A total
of fifteen treatments with combination of five different sources of nitrogen and
three varieties were taken in each replication. The result showed that the variety
Premium Crop produced the highest (23.70 t/ha) terminal curd yield in
N50%Urea+N50%Vermi (20.30 t/ha) whereas Calabrese produced the highest (9.34
t/ha) auxiliary curd yield in N50%Urea+N50%Vermi (8.25 t/ha). Green Sprouting
produced the highest total yield (25.10 t/ha) in N50%Urea+N50%Vermi (28.55 t/ha).
Calabrese exhibited higher (13.27%) dry matter and the lowest (18.44%)
physiological weight loss of curd in N100FYM.. N50%Urea+N50%Vermi produced more
compact curd while N100%Vermi produced the most appreciable taste, color and
overall acceptability of curd. Premium Crop performed better regarding
compactness, color and acceptability of curd while Calabrese performed better
on taste. Thus, Calabrese along with N100%Vermi or N100%FYM would be suggested
for better quality regarding physiological weight loss and taste while Premium
crop along with N100%Vermi would be suggested for attractive color and overall
acceptability of curd.
Title : Effect of Seed Priming on Germination, Field Emergence and Yield in Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Material Type: printed text Authors: K. K. Paudel, Author ; Shakya, S.M., Author ; M.D Sharma, Author ; K.R Dahal, Author Publication Date: 2015 Article on page: 16-26 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Carrot, priming, germination, emergence, vigor Abstract: A field experiment was carried out at Rampur, Chitwan in split-plot design to study
the effect of priming of carrot seed on germination, early emergence, field
emergence, plant stand establishment and root yield and quality. The treatments
consisted of two commercial varieties of carrot (New Kuroda and Nantes Fancy)
as main plot and seven levels of seed priming as sub-plots with 3 replications. The
treatment imposed seeds for the field experiment were also used for laboratory
test with four replications. New Kuroda exhibited higher vigor index (637.2),
faster early emergence (8.33 days), highest field emergence (56.33%) and plant
stand (66.67%), thickest cortex diameter (1.70 cm) and higher economic yield of
22.13 t ha-1 (50.65% more than control) in 24 hrs. seed soaking in tap water than
in non-primed seeds where as Nantes Fancy showed faster early emergence (8.66
days), highest field emergence (55.33%), higher plant stand (69.33%) and higher
yield of 17.69 t ha-1 (9.94% more than control) in 12 hrs. seed soaking in 400 C
warm water.
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 16-26 p.[article] Effect of Seed Priming on Germination, Field Emergence and Yield in Carrot (Daucus carota L.) [printed text] / K. K. Paudel, Author ; Shakya, S.M., Author ; M.D Sharma, Author ; K.R Dahal, Author . - 2015 . - 16-26 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 16-26 p.
Keywords: Carrot, priming, germination, emergence, vigor Abstract: A field experiment was carried out at Rampur, Chitwan in split-plot design to study
the effect of priming of carrot seed on germination, early emergence, field
emergence, plant stand establishment and root yield and quality. The treatments
consisted of two commercial varieties of carrot (New Kuroda and Nantes Fancy)
as main plot and seven levels of seed priming as sub-plots with 3 replications. The
treatment imposed seeds for the field experiment were also used for laboratory
test with four replications. New Kuroda exhibited higher vigor index (637.2),
faster early emergence (8.33 days), highest field emergence (56.33%) and plant
stand (66.67%), thickest cortex diameter (1.70 cm) and higher economic yield of
22.13 t ha-1 (50.65% more than control) in 24 hrs. seed soaking in tap water than
in non-primed seeds where as Nantes Fancy showed faster early emergence (8.66
days), highest field emergence (55.33%), higher plant stand (69.33%) and higher
yield of 17.69 t ha-1 (9.94% more than control) in 12 hrs. seed soaking in 400 C
warm water.
Title : Effect of Climate Change on Vegetable Seed Production in Some Selected Pockets of Nepal Material Type: printed text Authors: Thapa, M.B., Author ; S. Dhungel, Author Publication Date: 2015 Article on page: 27-32 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: climate change, adaptation, mitigation, resilience, coping strategies,vegetable seed production Abstract: This study was conducted in seven vegetable seed production pocket districts representing
high hills, mid hills and terai region of Nepal. This study was based on the primary
information collected using semi-structured questionnaires, focus group discussions and
key informants survey. Meteorological data of last 10 years from different metrological
stations on or nearby the production pockets were collected and analyzed. The pattern of
rainfall shows a slightly increasing trend in the mountainous areas receiving higher
amount of annual precipitation. Amount of total precipitation in mid hills was found
decreasing continuously with a slight increase in the year 2007. The pre-monsoon and
winter rainfall was also in decreasing trend in terai whereas, rainfall pattern shows
increasing trend in high hills which shows terai areas more vulnerable due to erratic
rainfall pattern whereas high hills might benefit from the increasing rainfall pattern to
some extent. A slightly increasing trend was noted in average annual temperature within
the study area in a decade. The increasing trend of temperature was found higher in high
hills and mid hills as compared to Terai. Furthermore, warming in the winter was higher
as compared to other seasons. Eighty-six percent of respondents in high hills, 72% in mid
hills, 78% in terai responded that they felt increase in temperature as compared to
previous years. Similarly, the increase in winter temperature was felt more than that of
summer experiencing warmer witers than previous years. The high hills received higher
amount of precipitation in the recent years in terms of intensity and duration of monsoon.
Almost all vegetable seed producers in high hill felt increased precipitation whereas trend
of rainfall was in decreasing pattern in mid hills and Terai as experienced by 81% and
60% of the respondents respectively. Twenty percent in Mustang, 12% in mid-hills and
4% in Sarlahi reported that they felt some positive impacts due to climate changes. Fortyone
percent of the respondents in Mustang expressed their view that cultivation of brinjal,
chilly and cucurbits has been done successfully in Mustang these days. The flowering and
ripening of broad leaf mustard, cabbage and carrot has sifted 10-15 days before. Most
negative effects were felt in Sarlahi as responded by 89% of the farmers followed by mid
hills (78%) and Mustang (40%). Sixty-six percent of the respondents in Mustang, 72% in
mid-hills and 86% in Sarlahi felt that the planting time has pre-pond by about 15-20 days.
The shift was found greater in Mustang (25 days) and lower in Sarlahi (13 days).
However, planting time in case of rainy season crop had shifted some days after (22% in
mid-hills and 8% in Sarlahi) generally due to delayed monsoon.
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 27-32 p.[article] Effect of Climate Change on Vegetable Seed Production in Some Selected Pockets of Nepal [printed text] / Thapa, M.B., Author ; S. Dhungel, Author . - 2015 . - 27-32 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 27-32 p.
Keywords: climate change, adaptation, mitigation, resilience, coping strategies,vegetable seed production Abstract: This study was conducted in seven vegetable seed production pocket districts representing
high hills, mid hills and terai region of Nepal. This study was based on the primary
information collected using semi-structured questionnaires, focus group discussions and
key informants survey. Meteorological data of last 10 years from different metrological
stations on or nearby the production pockets were collected and analyzed. The pattern of
rainfall shows a slightly increasing trend in the mountainous areas receiving higher
amount of annual precipitation. Amount of total precipitation in mid hills was found
decreasing continuously with a slight increase in the year 2007. The pre-monsoon and
winter rainfall was also in decreasing trend in terai whereas, rainfall pattern shows
increasing trend in high hills which shows terai areas more vulnerable due to erratic
rainfall pattern whereas high hills might benefit from the increasing rainfall pattern to
some extent. A slightly increasing trend was noted in average annual temperature within
the study area in a decade. The increasing trend of temperature was found higher in high
hills and mid hills as compared to Terai. Furthermore, warming in the winter was higher
as compared to other seasons. Eighty-six percent of respondents in high hills, 72% in mid
hills, 78% in terai responded that they felt increase in temperature as compared to
previous years. Similarly, the increase in winter temperature was felt more than that of
summer experiencing warmer witers than previous years. The high hills received higher
amount of precipitation in the recent years in terms of intensity and duration of monsoon.
Almost all vegetable seed producers in high hill felt increased precipitation whereas trend
of rainfall was in decreasing pattern in mid hills and Terai as experienced by 81% and
60% of the respondents respectively. Twenty percent in Mustang, 12% in mid-hills and
4% in Sarlahi reported that they felt some positive impacts due to climate changes. Fortyone
percent of the respondents in Mustang expressed their view that cultivation of brinjal,
chilly and cucurbits has been done successfully in Mustang these days. The flowering and
ripening of broad leaf mustard, cabbage and carrot has sifted 10-15 days before. Most
negative effects were felt in Sarlahi as responded by 89% of the farmers followed by mid
hills (78%) and Mustang (40%). Sixty-six percent of the respondents in Mustang, 72% in
mid-hills and 86% in Sarlahi felt that the planting time has pre-pond by about 15-20 days.
The shift was found greater in Mustang (25 days) and lower in Sarlahi (13 days).
However, planting time in case of rainy season crop had shifted some days after (22% in
mid-hills and 8% in Sarlahi) generally due to delayed monsoon.
Title : Supply Situation of Vegetable Seeds in Nepal: An Analysis from Policy Perspective Material Type: printed text Authors: Krishna P. Timsina, Author ; Shivakoti, Ganesh P., Author ; Kent J. Bradford, Author Publication Date: 2015 Languages : English (eng) Keywords: vegetable seeds, strategies, requirements, policy issues Abstract: The government of Nepal has approved different policies and legislation related
to seed and emphasized the importance of quality improvement in the seed sector.
However, the public and private sectors face problems to access quality assurance
services, maintain the quality of seeds and supply based on the demand to the
consumer. Considering the situation, this paper tries to analyses existing
production, requirements and distribution scenario of selected vegetable seeds
along with policy issue in the vegetable seeds sub-sectors in Nepal. Based on the
analysis, policy options were recommended for seed quality improvement and
income generation. Results indicated that over the four decades, the demand for
vegetable seeds is increasing at rapid rate compared to seed production. The
national demand of vegetable seed could be met by adopting two strategies: first,
the effort of varietal development, maintenance, testing and national listing of
imported varieties that are suitable for different locations should be combined with
the maintenance of the seed cycle based on the farmer’s preference, and second,
the effort is needed to improve the quality of seeds by adopting proper postharvest
operation such as appropriate drying and storage technology. It is necessary to
manage the supply of farmer preferred varieties and quality seeds through
government initiative by creating conducive environment to private sectors
investment. For seed quality improvement, the identified role of the public sector,
private sector and community-based organizations (CBOs) should be implemented
in right time synchronized to meet the national demands of the vegetable seeds.
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015][article] Supply Situation of Vegetable Seeds in Nepal: An Analysis from Policy Perspective [printed text] / Krishna P. Timsina, Author ; Shivakoti, Ganesh P., Author ; Kent J. Bradford, Author . - 2015.
Languages : English (eng)
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015]
Keywords: vegetable seeds, strategies, requirements, policy issues Abstract: The government of Nepal has approved different policies and legislation related
to seed and emphasized the importance of quality improvement in the seed sector.
However, the public and private sectors face problems to access quality assurance
services, maintain the quality of seeds and supply based on the demand to the
consumer. Considering the situation, this paper tries to analyses existing
production, requirements and distribution scenario of selected vegetable seeds
along with policy issue in the vegetable seeds sub-sectors in Nepal. Based on the
analysis, policy options were recommended for seed quality improvement and
income generation. Results indicated that over the four decades, the demand for
vegetable seeds is increasing at rapid rate compared to seed production. The
national demand of vegetable seed could be met by adopting two strategies: first,
the effort of varietal development, maintenance, testing and national listing of
imported varieties that are suitable for different locations should be combined with
the maintenance of the seed cycle based on the farmer’s preference, and second,
the effort is needed to improve the quality of seeds by adopting proper postharvest
operation such as appropriate drying and storage technology. It is necessary to
manage the supply of farmer preferred varieties and quality seeds through
government initiative by creating conducive environment to private sectors
investment. For seed quality improvement, the identified role of the public sector,
private sector and community-based organizations (CBOs) should be implemented
in right time synchronized to meet the national demands of the vegetable seeds.
Title : Preliminary Screening of Advanced Potato Clones against Moisture Stress in Khumaltar, Lalitpur Material Type: printed text Authors: Bhim K. Khatri, Author ; Duryodhan Chaudhary, Author ; Buddhi P. Sharma,, Author ; Shrestha, S., Author Publication Date: 2015 Article on page: 45-49 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Potato clones, variety section, moisture stress, rain-fed conditions. Abstract: A preliminary study on potato cultivars was undertaken at Hattiban Research
Farm Khumaltar, Lalitpur (1340 masl) during the years 2008/09 and 2009/10
to compare the responses of different advanced potato cultivars for their
tolerance against moisture stresses. Completely rain-fed, rice-straw mulching
and frequently irrigated conditions were considered as the moisture treatments
in the trial. Among the assessed clones, CIP 394003.161, CIP 392243.17, CIP
391058.35 CIP 392242.25, Khumal Seto-1, CIP 378711.7, Ca x 27/40-7, CIP
396011.47, Primicia, CIP 391598.75, LBr 40, L 235.4, CIP 394007.55, Kufri
Chipsona-2, NPI-106 and Ca x LBr 40.6 were found performing better than the
check variety Kufri Jyoti in completely rain-fed conditions. In frequently
irrigated treatment, clones CIP 391011.47, Ca x LBr 40.6, CIP 378711.7 and
LBr 40 were superior, whereas in the mulching treatment, clone LBr 40
performed the best followed by 394003.161, Ca x LBr 40.6, CIP 391011.47,
Kufri Jyoti, CIP 392250.56, Primicia, CIP 391598.75, CIP 392236.6, Khumal
Seto -1, CIP 389746.2, 27/40, Des x LBr 43.18, CIP 800947 and 391058.35
respectively in assessed phenotypic, yield and its attributes compared to Kufri
Jyoti and Desiree. This result clearly indicated that the overall performance of
the clone was more under genetic control rather than the environment factors.
Based on the preliminary results, the best performing clones will be further
assessed in multi-locational varietal trials of National Potato Research
programme in the future.
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 45-49 p.[article] Preliminary Screening of Advanced Potato Clones against Moisture Stress in Khumaltar, Lalitpur [printed text] / Bhim K. Khatri, Author ; Duryodhan Chaudhary, Author ; Buddhi P. Sharma,, Author ; Shrestha, S., Author . - 2015 . - 45-49 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 45-49 p.
Keywords: Potato clones, variety section, moisture stress, rain-fed conditions. Abstract: A preliminary study on potato cultivars was undertaken at Hattiban Research
Farm Khumaltar, Lalitpur (1340 masl) during the years 2008/09 and 2009/10
to compare the responses of different advanced potato cultivars for their
tolerance against moisture stresses. Completely rain-fed, rice-straw mulching
and frequently irrigated conditions were considered as the moisture treatments
in the trial. Among the assessed clones, CIP 394003.161, CIP 392243.17, CIP
391058.35 CIP 392242.25, Khumal Seto-1, CIP 378711.7, Ca x 27/40-7, CIP
396011.47, Primicia, CIP 391598.75, LBr 40, L 235.4, CIP 394007.55, Kufri
Chipsona-2, NPI-106 and Ca x LBr 40.6 were found performing better than the
check variety Kufri Jyoti in completely rain-fed conditions. In frequently
irrigated treatment, clones CIP 391011.47, Ca x LBr 40.6, CIP 378711.7 and
LBr 40 were superior, whereas in the mulching treatment, clone LBr 40
performed the best followed by 394003.161, Ca x LBr 40.6, CIP 391011.47,
Kufri Jyoti, CIP 392250.56, Primicia, CIP 391598.75, CIP 392236.6, Khumal
Seto -1, CIP 389746.2, 27/40, Des x LBr 43.18, CIP 800947 and 391058.35
respectively in assessed phenotypic, yield and its attributes compared to Kufri
Jyoti and Desiree. This result clearly indicated that the overall performance of
the clone was more under genetic control rather than the environment factors.
Based on the preliminary results, the best performing clones will be further
assessed in multi-locational varietal trials of National Potato Research
programme in the future.
Title : CIP 392222.25: A Promising Potato Clone for Karnali Region of Nepal Material Type: printed text Authors: R. K. Giri, Author ; Subedi, G.D., Author ; D. B. Kathayat, Author ; S Gautam, Author ; P.B. Paneru, Author Publication Date: 2015 Article on page: 50-54 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Clone, drought, Karnali region, RCBD, tuber yield, Abstract: Farmers’ Field Trial (FFT) on Potato was carried out for four consecutive
years (2007/2008 to 2012/13) in order to identify suitable clones with good
plant uniformity, tuber color, shape, drought, pest and diseases tolerant, high
productivity and suitable for the Karnali region of Nepal. Based on the results
and farmer’s preference, clone 392222.25 is identified as high yielding drought
tolerant variety, thus selected and recommended for cultivation in the Karnali
region of Nepal.
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 50-54 p.[article] CIP 392222.25: A Promising Potato Clone for Karnali Region of Nepal [printed text] / R. K. Giri, Author ; Subedi, G.D., Author ; D. B. Kathayat, Author ; S Gautam, Author ; P.B. Paneru, Author . - 2015 . - 50-54 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 50-54 p.
Keywords: Clone, drought, Karnali region, RCBD, tuber yield, Abstract: Farmers’ Field Trial (FFT) on Potato was carried out for four consecutive
years (2007/2008 to 2012/13) in order to identify suitable clones with good
plant uniformity, tuber color, shape, drought, pest and diseases tolerant, high
productivity and suitable for the Karnali region of Nepal. Based on the results
and farmer’s preference, clone 392222.25 is identified as high yielding drought
tolerant variety, thus selected and recommended for cultivation in the Karnali
region of Nepal.
Title : Efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin against the Potato Tuber Moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) in Consumable Potato, under Laboratory Conditions Material Type: printed text Authors: Pandey, S., Author ; M. Sporleder, Author ; Y. D. Gharti Chhetry, Author ; Giri, Y.P., Author ; Jurgen Kroschel, Author Publication Date: 2015 Article on page: 55-62 p. Languages : English (eng) Abstract: The potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera:
Gelechiidae) is major pest of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in tropical and
subtropical regions of the world causing serious economic damage especially in
non-refrigerated potato storerooms. Chemical pesticide use for post-harvest pest
management in farmers’ rustic storerooms causes health risks to farmers and
consumers, triggered a search for safer pest management alternatives, such as
use of entomopathogens. Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin culture
originally isolated from white grub larvae native from Nepal was grown on
artificial media and its biological activity assessed against the potato tuber moth
in the laboratory, using potato tuber surface contamination bioassay. A total of
5 bioassays were conducted. In four bioassays fresh fungus stock suspensions
were tested while in one bioassay the fungus stock suspension of the first
bioassay was reused after 8-month storage period at ambient temperature. All
probit lines revealed a common slope of 0.57. The first stock suspension revealed
an LC50-value of 6.9×106 conidia/ml while after 8-month storage a significant
activity loss of about 90% (7.2 ×107 conidia/ml) was observed. The other three
bioassays revealed LC50-values of mean 4.2×105 (2.9 to 6.1×105) conidia/ml
without significant differences in their potencies. According to the probit lines
(3-5) > 7.5x10^7 conidia/ml would be required to kill >90% PTM. Hence it can
be concluded that the M. anisopliae strain showed high biological activity
against PTM larvae and has potential as bio-control agent for controlling the
pest; however, activity can be significantly reduced if stored inappropriately or
for longer periods.
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 55-62 p.[article] Efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin against the Potato Tuber Moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) in Consumable Potato, under Laboratory Conditions [printed text] / Pandey, S., Author ; M. Sporleder, Author ; Y. D. Gharti Chhetry, Author ; Giri, Y.P., Author ; Jurgen Kroschel, Author . - 2015 . - 55-62 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 55-62 p.
Abstract: The potato tuber moth Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera:
Gelechiidae) is major pest of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in tropical and
subtropical regions of the world causing serious economic damage especially in
non-refrigerated potato storerooms. Chemical pesticide use for post-harvest pest
management in farmers’ rustic storerooms causes health risks to farmers and
consumers, triggered a search for safer pest management alternatives, such as
use of entomopathogens. Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin culture
originally isolated from white grub larvae native from Nepal was grown on
artificial media and its biological activity assessed against the potato tuber moth
in the laboratory, using potato tuber surface contamination bioassay. A total of
5 bioassays were conducted. In four bioassays fresh fungus stock suspensions
were tested while in one bioassay the fungus stock suspension of the first
bioassay was reused after 8-month storage period at ambient temperature. All
probit lines revealed a common slope of 0.57. The first stock suspension revealed
an LC50-value of 6.9×106 conidia/ml while after 8-month storage a significant
activity loss of about 90% (7.2 ×107 conidia/ml) was observed. The other three
bioassays revealed LC50-values of mean 4.2×105 (2.9 to 6.1×105) conidia/ml
without significant differences in their potencies. According to the probit lines
(3-5) > 7.5x10^7 conidia/ml would be required to kill >90% PTM. Hence it can
be concluded that the M. anisopliae strain showed high biological activity
against PTM larvae and has potential as bio-control agent for controlling the
pest; however, activity can be significantly reduced if stored inappropriately or
for longer periods.
Title : Effect of Pinching and Levels of Gibberellic Acid on Growth, Flowering and Yield of African Marigold (Tagetes erecta l.) Material Type: printed text Authors: H. P. Pandey, Author ; K Mishra, Author ; S. S. Pant, Author ; U. Pun, Author Publication Date: 2015 Article on page: 63-70 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Gibberellic acid, pinching, growth, flower yield and African marigold. Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the plant growth and yield of African
marigold cv. Calcutta Local through pinching practice and using different level of GA3
in the Abloom Flora Farm of Gunjanagar, Chitwan from March to August, 2013. The
experiment was conducted in two factorial randomized complete block design with two
pinching levels (pinching and non-pinching practices) and five GA3 levels (0, 50, 100,
150 and 200 ppm). Result showed a significant effect of pinching and levels of gibberellic
acid on plant growth and flower yield. Pinching also significantly increased the number
of branches, plant spread, number of flower per plant, yield per plant
(299.33 g) and yield per hectare (12.04 t/ha). Earlier days to flower initiation was
observed in non-pinching. Gibberellic acid at 50,100,150 and 200 ppm significantly
increased the plant height, number of branches, plant spread and number of flower per
plant, flower yield per plant and yield per hectare over control. Earlier days to flower
initiation was found with increase in GA3 level. Among all levels, GA3 at 200 ppm was
significantly superior due to its maximum flower yield (14.64 t/ha).
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 63-70 p.[article] Effect of Pinching and Levels of Gibberellic Acid on Growth, Flowering and Yield of African Marigold (Tagetes erecta l.) [printed text] / H. P. Pandey, Author ; K Mishra, Author ; S. S. Pant, Author ; U. Pun, Author . - 2015 . - 63-70 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 63-70 p.
Keywords: Gibberellic acid, pinching, growth, flower yield and African marigold. Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the plant growth and yield of African
marigold cv. Calcutta Local through pinching practice and using different level of GA3
in the Abloom Flora Farm of Gunjanagar, Chitwan from March to August, 2013. The
experiment was conducted in two factorial randomized complete block design with two
pinching levels (pinching and non-pinching practices) and five GA3 levels (0, 50, 100,
150 and 200 ppm). Result showed a significant effect of pinching and levels of gibberellic
acid on plant growth and flower yield. Pinching also significantly increased the number
of branches, plant spread, number of flower per plant, yield per plant
(299.33 g) and yield per hectare (12.04 t/ha). Earlier days to flower initiation was
observed in non-pinching. Gibberellic acid at 50,100,150 and 200 ppm significantly
increased the plant height, number of branches, plant spread and number of flower per
plant, flower yield per plant and yield per hectare over control. Earlier days to flower
initiation was found with increase in GA3 level. Among all levels, GA3 at 200 ppm was
significantly superior due to its maximum flower yield (14.64 t/ha).
Title : Residual Effect of Partial Girdling on Quality of Satsuma Mandarin Fruit Material Type: printed text Authors: A. K. Shrestha, Author ; W. Kibet, Author Publication Date: 2015 Article on page: 71-75 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Acidity, Brix, Girdling, Satsuma mandarin Abstract: An experiment was carried out to evaluate the residual effect of partial girdling on fruit
quality and bark recovery of Satsuma mandarin three years after the date of girdling
operation. In 2003, fruit trees located in the University Farm of Ehime University
received the girdling treatment of 10 cm and 20 cm width to compare the effect with
ungirdled (control) branch. After three years, the bark recovery was found to be
significantly higher in the branches that received girdling of 10 cm width than 20 cm
girdling treatment. The fruit size, total soluble solid content and the titratable acidity
were not significantly different among the three treatments. However, the largest fruits
(98.4±3.52 g) were obtained from the ungirdled branch while the highest brix (10.5 ±
0.25 %) was recorded in the fruits harvested from the 10 cm girdled branches.
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 71-75 p.[article] Residual Effect of Partial Girdling on Quality of Satsuma Mandarin Fruit [printed text] / A. K. Shrestha, Author ; W. Kibet, Author . - 2015 . - 71-75 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 71-75 p.
Keywords: Acidity, Brix, Girdling, Satsuma mandarin Abstract: An experiment was carried out to evaluate the residual effect of partial girdling on fruit
quality and bark recovery of Satsuma mandarin three years after the date of girdling
operation. In 2003, fruit trees located in the University Farm of Ehime University
received the girdling treatment of 10 cm and 20 cm width to compare the effect with
ungirdled (control) branch. After three years, the bark recovery was found to be
significantly higher in the branches that received girdling of 10 cm width than 20 cm
girdling treatment. The fruit size, total soluble solid content and the titratable acidity
were not significantly different among the three treatments. However, the largest fruits
(98.4±3.52 g) were obtained from the ungirdled branch while the highest brix (10.5 ±
0.25 %) was recorded in the fruits harvested from the 10 cm girdled branches.
Title : Contribution of Mandarin on Livelihood Improvement of its Growers in Parbat District of Western Nepal Material Type: printed text Authors: Padma Nath Atreya, Author Publication Date: 2015 Article on page: 76-84 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Mandarin, orchard management, marketing, economic impact Abstract: The study was undertaken to explore the technology adoption and contribution of
mandarin in different nine citrus pockets of Parbat district. Forty-five respondents
were selected randomly from the study sites for interviews, group discussion, PRA,
RRA and used a semi structured questionnaire for information and data collection.
Data was also collected from traders. Average density of mandarin planting was found
slightly higher (415 trees/ha) than national recommendation. (300 trees/ha) and
majority of the farmers (86%) were still using seedling tress as planting materials. The
average productivity of mandarin orange was found 14.84 mt/ha which is higher than
the national average and highest was17.3 mt/ha in Banskharkha. Farmers ware using
bamboo baskets (Dokos), bags (Bora) and the card board boxes for packaging It was
found that 33% respondent earned more than one million NRs per year, while 22%
and 33% respondents earned NRs half to one million and 0ne hundred thousand
to half million respectively. Mandarin farming increased the income level of
farmer. Famers were using increased income on children's education family
health care, drinking water, and housing facility improvement. Farmers have
realized their improved nutritional condition because of more fruit consumption. It
was found that mandarin cultivation decreased the work load of women in study
area
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 76-84 p.[article] Contribution of Mandarin on Livelihood Improvement of its Growers in Parbat District of Western Nepal [printed text] / Padma Nath Atreya, Author . - 2015 . - 76-84 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 76-84 p.
Keywords: Mandarin, orchard management, marketing, economic impact Abstract: The study was undertaken to explore the technology adoption and contribution of
mandarin in different nine citrus pockets of Parbat district. Forty-five respondents
were selected randomly from the study sites for interviews, group discussion, PRA,
RRA and used a semi structured questionnaire for information and data collection.
Data was also collected from traders. Average density of mandarin planting was found
slightly higher (415 trees/ha) than national recommendation. (300 trees/ha) and
majority of the farmers (86%) were still using seedling tress as planting materials. The
average productivity of mandarin orange was found 14.84 mt/ha which is higher than
the national average and highest was17.3 mt/ha in Banskharkha. Farmers ware using
bamboo baskets (Dokos), bags (Bora) and the card board boxes for packaging It was
found that 33% respondent earned more than one million NRs per year, while 22%
and 33% respondents earned NRs half to one million and 0ne hundred thousand
to half million respectively. Mandarin farming increased the income level of
farmer. Famers were using increased income on children's education family
health care, drinking water, and housing facility improvement. Farmers have
realized their improved nutritional condition because of more fruit consumption. It
was found that mandarin cultivation decreased the work load of women in study
area
Title : Effect of Plant Population on Bulb Size and Yield of Marketable Bulbs of Onion Varieties during Off Season Material Type: printed text Authors: S. Shakya, Author ; Shakya, S.M., Author ; S. K. Shah, Author ; A. Srivastava, Author Publication Date: 2015 Article on page: 85-94 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Off season, onion, spacing, varieties Abstract: An experiment was conducted in Sunwal, Nawalparasi district of Nepal to assess the
effect of plant population on bulb size and marketable yield of two onion varieties
during rainy season of 2008. Two off season varieties of onion as main plot factor viz.
Agrifound Dark Red (AFDR) and N-53 and six different plant populations (125, 100,
83.34, 66.67, 50 and 33.34 plants per m2 ) obtained by using different spacings of 10×8,
10×10, 12×10,15×10, 20×10 and 20×15 cm as sub plot factors were used as
treatments and laid out in a split plot design with three replications. Marketable bulb
yield of AFDR (25.55 mt ha-1 ) was higher than that of N-53 (19.78 mt ha-1
). Marketable bulb yield was highest at closer spacing of 10×10 cm for both the varieties which was
26.97 mt ha-1 in AFDR and 22.48 mt ha-1 in N-53. The size of the bulbs increased with
increase in spacing. The most preferred size of bulb was found to be of diameter
between 3.5 to 5 cm whose yield was found highest (2.19 kg/plot) at the closest spacing
of 10×8 cm which was not statistically different from that (2.17 kg/plot) at the spacing
of 10×10 cm. The most preferred sized bulb yield showed a similar trend of increase
as total marketable bulb yield with decrease in spacing. The spacings of 12×10, 10×10
and 10×8 cm produced total marketable bulb yields which were not significantly
different from each other. The highest net return of Rs. 5,68,977 per hectare was found
at the spacing of 12×10 cm for the variety AFDR.
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 85-94 p.[article] Effect of Plant Population on Bulb Size and Yield of Marketable Bulbs of Onion Varieties during Off Season [printed text] / S. Shakya, Author ; Shakya, S.M., Author ; S. K. Shah, Author ; A. Srivastava, Author . - 2015 . - 85-94 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 85-94 p.
Keywords: Off season, onion, spacing, varieties Abstract: An experiment was conducted in Sunwal, Nawalparasi district of Nepal to assess the
effect of plant population on bulb size and marketable yield of two onion varieties
during rainy season of 2008. Two off season varieties of onion as main plot factor viz.
Agrifound Dark Red (AFDR) and N-53 and six different plant populations (125, 100,
83.34, 66.67, 50 and 33.34 plants per m2 ) obtained by using different spacings of 10×8,
10×10, 12×10,15×10, 20×10 and 20×15 cm as sub plot factors were used as
treatments and laid out in a split plot design with three replications. Marketable bulb
yield of AFDR (25.55 mt ha-1 ) was higher than that of N-53 (19.78 mt ha-1
). Marketable bulb yield was highest at closer spacing of 10×10 cm for both the varieties which was
26.97 mt ha-1 in AFDR and 22.48 mt ha-1 in N-53. The size of the bulbs increased with
increase in spacing. The most preferred size of bulb was found to be of diameter
between 3.5 to 5 cm whose yield was found highest (2.19 kg/plot) at the closest spacing
of 10×8 cm which was not statistically different from that (2.17 kg/plot) at the spacing
of 10×10 cm. The most preferred sized bulb yield showed a similar trend of increase
as total marketable bulb yield with decrease in spacing. The spacings of 12×10, 10×10
and 10×8 cm produced total marketable bulb yields which were not significantly
different from each other. The highest net return of Rs. 5,68,977 per hectare was found
at the spacing of 12×10 cm for the variety AFDR.
Title : Effect of Spring Prunning on Bud Characteristics, Floral Stem Length and Quality Cut Flower Production of Hybrid Tea Rose Cultivars in Chitwan, Nepal Material Type: printed text Authors: T. P. Sharma, Author ; S. S. Pant, Author ; K Mishra, Author ; Thapa, R.B., Author Publication Date: 2015 Article on page: 95-101 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Pruning, variety, floral bud, stem, flower production. Abstract: An experiment was conducted in the Abloom flora of Gunjanagar-5, Chitwan, Nepal
during March, 2013 to August, 2013 to study the effect of Spring Pruning on Growth
and Production of Quality Cut Flower of HT Rose Cultivars. The experiment was laid
out in three factorial split- split plot design with three replications. There were 12
treatments consisting of three popular Italian HT Rose varieties (High Magic, Lenopa
and Confetti of three different color viz white, red and yellow respectively), two dates
(1st on 8th March, 2013 and 2nd on 18th March, 2013) and Pruning (Pruned and nonpruned).
High Magic pruned on 8th March 2013 produced flower having longest floral
bud (3.554cm) and flower stem (41.008cm). Maximum flower diameter (2.863cm) was
also recorded in High Magic pruned on 8th March, 2013. High Magic also produced
larger mean number of cut rose flowers (23.833) followed by Confetti (14.250) and
Lenopa (10.333) . Plants pruned on 1st date produced maximum mean number flowers (20.889). Maximum (22.611) flowers per plot was counted in pruned plants.
Among all cultivars, High Magic produced longer stem length in all dates of pruned
and un-pruned condition followed by Lenopa and shorter stem length was produced
by variety Confette in all conditions. Variety High Magic pruned on 18th March 2013
produced longer flower stem (44.750cm) whereas variety Confetti produced flowers
having shorter stem length (24.333cm) in plants that were un-pruned on 8th March,
2013.
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 95-101 p.[article] Effect of Spring Prunning on Bud Characteristics, Floral Stem Length and Quality Cut Flower Production of Hybrid Tea Rose Cultivars in Chitwan, Nepal [printed text] / T. P. Sharma, Author ; S. S. Pant, Author ; K Mishra, Author ; Thapa, R.B., Author . - 2015 . - 95-101 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 95-101 p.
Keywords: Pruning, variety, floral bud, stem, flower production. Abstract: An experiment was conducted in the Abloom flora of Gunjanagar-5, Chitwan, Nepal
during March, 2013 to August, 2013 to study the effect of Spring Pruning on Growth
and Production of Quality Cut Flower of HT Rose Cultivars. The experiment was laid
out in three factorial split- split plot design with three replications. There were 12
treatments consisting of three popular Italian HT Rose varieties (High Magic, Lenopa
and Confetti of three different color viz white, red and yellow respectively), two dates
(1st on 8th March, 2013 and 2nd on 18th March, 2013) and Pruning (Pruned and nonpruned).
High Magic pruned on 8th March 2013 produced flower having longest floral
bud (3.554cm) and flower stem (41.008cm). Maximum flower diameter (2.863cm) was
also recorded in High Magic pruned on 8th March, 2013. High Magic also produced
larger mean number of cut rose flowers (23.833) followed by Confetti (14.250) and
Lenopa (10.333) . Plants pruned on 1st date produced maximum mean number flowers (20.889). Maximum (22.611) flowers per plot was counted in pruned plants.
Among all cultivars, High Magic produced longer stem length in all dates of pruned
and un-pruned condition followed by Lenopa and shorter stem length was produced
by variety Confette in all conditions. Variety High Magic pruned on 18th March 2013
produced longer flower stem (44.750cm) whereas variety Confetti produced flowers
having shorter stem length (24.333cm) in plants that were un-pruned on 8th March,
2013.
Title : Constraints and Farmer’s Perception on Off Season Green Onion Production in Chitwan - A Survey Material Type: printed text Authors: M. Dhital, Author ; Shakya, S.M., Author Publication Date: 2015 Article on page: 102-107 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Constraints, off season, green onion, farmers perception Abstract: The survey assessed the constraints and farmer’s perceptions on off season green
onion production in Shukranagar, Jagatpur and Gunjanagar VDCs in Chitwan, Nepal.
The primary data used for the investigation were obtained through the use of
questionnaire, focus group discussion and key informant survey. Thirty commercial
farmers and ten traders were randomly sampled for the study. Major constraints and
influencing factors for green onion production, and marketing system were looked into.
The study revealed that seedling raising was the most important problems faced by the
off season growers followed by weed problem, lack of crop insurance facility, and
diseases and pests. Lack of storage facility was the most important marketing problems
due to highly perishable nature of green onion followed by lack of appropriate
marketing facilities and fluctuation in the market price. Higher market price was the
major influencing factors for green onion cultivation followed by its short duration as
compared to bulb production which takes longer duration.
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 102-107 p.[article] Constraints and Farmer’s Perception on Off Season Green Onion Production in Chitwan - A Survey [printed text] / M. Dhital, Author ; Shakya, S.M., Author . - 2015 . - 102-107 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 102-107 p.
Keywords: Constraints, off season, green onion, farmers perception Abstract: The survey assessed the constraints and farmer’s perceptions on off season green
onion production in Shukranagar, Jagatpur and Gunjanagar VDCs in Chitwan, Nepal.
The primary data used for the investigation were obtained through the use of
questionnaire, focus group discussion and key informant survey. Thirty commercial
farmers and ten traders were randomly sampled for the study. Major constraints and
influencing factors for green onion production, and marketing system were looked into.
The study revealed that seedling raising was the most important problems faced by the
off season growers followed by weed problem, lack of crop insurance facility, and
diseases and pests. Lack of storage facility was the most important marketing problems
due to highly perishable nature of green onion followed by lack of appropriate
marketing facilities and fluctuation in the market price. Higher market price was the
major influencing factors for green onion cultivation followed by its short duration as
compared to bulb production which takes longer duration.
Title : Human Urine: A Viable Source of Organic Fertilizer for Vegetable Production in Nepal- A Reivew Material Type: printed text Authors: Arun Khanal, Author ; Manoj Basnet, Author Publication Date: 2015 Article on page: 108-115 p. Languages : English (eng) Keywords: Ammonia, human urine, organic fertilizer, urea, vegetable, yield Abstract: Vegetables are the main source of food and nutrition for the increasing population that
should be minimally taken at amount of 75 -125 gram of green leafy vegetables, 85
gram of others vegetables and 85 gram of roots and tubers vegetables every day. The
total vegetable production of Nepal is 3301648 metric tons from total cultivated area
of 246392 hectares. To fulfill the demand of nation and utilize the export potentiality
of seasonal and off season vegetables, there is a need to increase production and
productivity. To increase production farmers are utilizing chemical fertilizer,
improved technology and hybrid varieties a lot. Excessive and haphazard use of
chemical fertilizer brings hazardous effect on health of people, soil, animals and
environment we live. The unnoticed human waste urine that causes environmental
pollution if unutilized could be used safely by the farmers as the alternative to chemical
fertilizer as it is very rich in nutrient content that are essential for plant growth in
available form. Human urine is locally available organic fertilizer that could be used
as alternative source of chemical fertilizer for the production of vegetables with better
product and lessen environmental hazard.
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 108-115 p.[article] Human Urine: A Viable Source of Organic Fertilizer for Vegetable Production in Nepal- A Reivew [printed text] / Arun Khanal, Author ; Manoj Basnet, Author . - 2015 . - 108-115 p.
Languages : English (eng)
in Nepalese Horticulture > v. 10: 1 [07/25/2015] . - 108-115 p.
Keywords: Ammonia, human urine, organic fertilizer, urea, vegetable, yield Abstract: Vegetables are the main source of food and nutrition for the increasing population that
should be minimally taken at amount of 75 -125 gram of green leafy vegetables, 85
gram of others vegetables and 85 gram of roots and tubers vegetables every day. The
total vegetable production of Nepal is 3301648 metric tons from total cultivated area
of 246392 hectares. To fulfill the demand of nation and utilize the export potentiality
of seasonal and off season vegetables, there is a need to increase production and
productivity. To increase production farmers are utilizing chemical fertilizer,
improved technology and hybrid varieties a lot. Excessive and haphazard use of
chemical fertilizer brings hazardous effect on health of people, soil, animals and
environment we live. The unnoticed human waste urine that causes environmental
pollution if unutilized could be used safely by the farmers as the alternative to chemical
fertilizer as it is very rich in nutrient content that are essential for plant growth in
available form. Human urine is locally available organic fertilizer that could be used
as alternative source of chemical fertilizer for the production of vegetables with better
product and lessen environmental hazard.
