Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Work... Catalogue en ligne

in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

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Title :	Welcome address on the 23rd national summer crops workshop
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	R.P. Sapkota, Editor
Pagination:	1-2 p.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Status report of maize research in Nepal, 2000-2001
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Adhikari, K., Editor
Pagination:	3-36 p.
Abstract:	This report has frve parts. Part I is general overview of maize in Nepal describing two production · . systems: hill subSistence and Terai commereial. In Part II, functional structure, goallobje'Ctive of ·. National Maize Research Program (NMRP) along with leading role of NMRP & level of · : . partnership in maize R & D and present emerging issues and concern were explained. · . Production syste~ based on .agrozones and trend in area, production and yield alQng with percent average annual growth rate and production economics of maize under improved and . lo9al seeds are discussed and contribution .ofimproved se.e.d is well recognized Part III ofJhe . report consist of maize. research highlights during 2000-2001 by NMRP and its partners with . significant ac~omplisliments in OPVs populations ·improvement, evaluation of germplasm. Based · on.r£sults. ofmultilocation testing superior genotypes with r~nge of maturity and grain color are · identified and presented for various production systems. In· addition, number of potentially useful hybrids and their respective inbreds wen~ identified and also proposed to release two normal and · O'f!e QPM hybri~ within 2002. '[he commercialization of hybrid maize is ·well focused and · guidelines for transfer of inbreds from NMRP to· potential hybrid seed producers developed first . time. in Nepal: The highlights-also include source se~d production and its impact in term of gain in produ.ctivity. A number of new programs with new partners as well as extent of manpower · development to maize research along with (1st of NMRP Extension information publications are -also included. Part IV deals with major maize production constraints and research approaches · r(lnked by 'likelihood of producing an impact on eliminating constraints. Lastly, future maize r.esear.ch directio'!S . and priorities for Nepal briefly presented in part V. .·. Xey Wo~ds: Maize; Zea mays; Germplasm; Population improvement; Hybrids; Inbreds; Quality protein ~ : maize (QPM);· S~stainability; Production economics
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Introduction, evaluation and utilization of exotic maize germplasm
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Adhikari, K., Editor ; Upadhyay, S.R., Author ; Sharma, D., Author ; Mahato, R.K., Author ; Rijal, T.R., Author ; Paudel, M.N., Author ; Katuwal, R.B., Author ; B. B. Rokaya, Author ; ,Karki, T.B., Author ; H.K Ghimire, Author ; B. N. Adhikari, Author ; B.P Yadav, Author ; R Yadav, Author ; L.N Raya, Author ; J.B Chhetri, Author
Pagination:	37-76 p.
Abstract:	A number of germpl~m evaluation field· experiments were tested in different research stations of Nepal. Which were received from CIMMYT Mexico, CIMMIT Zimbabwe and ARMP Thailand during 200012001 and 2001102 summer and wi'nter seasons. All the experiments were conducted in . Alpha Lattice design. In terai and inner tetai Experimental varietal trials (EVT)-13, .EVT-14A were . evaluated in different stations. In .the hills the EVT-16A, EVT-16B, EPOP, ILPOP were evaluated at · different stations. Experimental results of 200012001 summer and· winter ·seasons showed some CIMMYT germplasm were highly promising and the seeds were reCJU:ested to -include in our own national trials for further verifications. The selected genotypes from EVT-16A and EVT-16B were CELAYA-9733, CELAYA.:.9745, PANTANAGAR-9745, BANGALORE-9745, ACROSS-9745, -SlDS-9545 (Rl), TLALTIZAPAN-9542(Rl), ACROSS MEXIC0-97501, .and ACROSS-97501 respectively. Now these genotypes are ri1cluded"in m hill set. From tke result of ·. EVT-13 ani EVT-14A· the selected genotypes were S97TLY GH "AyB" (1), IQUITOS 9328RE, · DAN PHUOHG S9528, S97TLY GH"AYB"(2j, S97TLY GH"AYB"(3), ACROSS 9227, TAK-FA S9528, ACROSS 9536, KANPUR S9536, 8_IBP-4TYF, ACROSS S9528 AND CRA VINHOS S9531, . ·ACROSS S9531, TAK-FA S9531, MONTE~A 9331, ACROSS 933JRE, . PQZA RICA S953J,· J!YDERABAD S9531 and S97TEY GH''AYB"(4) respectively. These selected genotypes were ·pronioted in IYT and ·cvr terai set for further evaluation and improvement. On the basis of · experimental results of 2001101 summer. anc{ winter season from EVT-14 A genotypes S97 TEY GH "AYB" (2), WLTFYI (RRS) YD promoted to IYTTerai Set. From EPOPOI genotype POOL 16 ·SR ZAMBIA was promoted to IYT Early · and Extra Early Set. From ILPOPOJ75 genotypes ECAVL2-DLN, POPULATION 68 CO QPM and POPULATION 67 Cl QPMwere promoted to IYT hill set full season. From· SEVSYQOOI genotype HIGH OIL C15 was promoted to liT hill set · fill! season and from EVT 16 B genotype TLALT1ZAPAN 9942 (N) was promoted and being t~sted . in IYT hill set full season of2002 experiments. In CAVTOi-2 genotypes SWS0033Y-6, SWS0033Y- 7· and. SWS00351-I were found promising. ln EVT-13, the genotypes S98TLY-1B, S9BTLYGH "AyB!' (I) and ACROSS S 9624-1 were obseryed pron1ising. In_ EVT-14 A, the genotypes . CRA VINljOS S 9531 (RE) , S98TEY-4 AB and S99 TEY-4GH AxB were found prom~sing. These seleqted g_enotypes wm be evaluated in the advanced experiments.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Evaluation of maize genotypes in the hill environments of Nepal, 2000/2001
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Divakar Sharma, Editor ; Upadhyay, S.R., Author ; Adhikari, K., Author ; Rijal, T.R., Author
Pagination:	77-90 p.
Abstract:	Different diverse maize genotypes were evaluated in different stages of multilocation trials namely .IYT. · CVT and CFFT -in the hill environments of Nepal. The objective was identified superior maize genotypes for the use of farmers or for tlie use of breeder to developed the variety it self or to use in breeding use work. This paper summarized the result ofmultilocation testing during 2000 and 2001. Dur:ing 2000, 16 maize genotypes were tested in IYT at 4 locations. Based ·on the across location · analysis, genotypes were significant but _accept 4 low yielding genotyp·e, rest of 12 genotypes were statis~ically similar for grain yield. During 2001 twenty-one genotypes were tested in 1YT at five · locatioiJS. Genotypes were found·non-significant for grain yield and plant height. Similarly, sixteen ·. maize genotypes were tested in CVT at five locations in 2000 summer. The genotype ZM 621 produced the highest grain yield ( .35 tlha), followed by LATAC1F1/LATBC1F1, Hill Pool yellow · and Hill Pool white. There was highly significant G x E interaction for grain yield. Similarly in 2001, fifteen genotypes were evaluated at six hill locations. The genotypes were found highly · significant for grain yield Population 44 C10, Tlaltizapan 9544, [P501SRCOF1 .. .}, ZM 421, . Populatio1? 45 C8 and DRACOSYNFJ/DRBC were the top grain yielders and significantly different .from standard check (Manakamana-1) and local check. A total of five maize genotypes were tested in two high hill eTJVironments in 2000. The comb_ined analysis revealed that the ·genotypes were similar for. grain) ieid, but significant different for plant height, ear height and days to flowering. Similarly, six maize genotypes were tested in three high hill locations during 2001. The genotypes and the.ir interaction with locations 11 as highly significant for grain yield, days to 50% silking and plant height. '[he standard check Ganesh-1 was statistically similar with the tested genotype. Four genotypes namely Z1vf 621, Hill Pool yellow, Hill Pool white and Farmer's local (CHK) ·were tested in CFFT in different mid hill environments. Genotypes were highly significant for plant height and ear height but non significant for grain yield.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Evaluation of maize germplasm in terai, inner terai of Nepal, 2000/2002
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Divakar Sharma, Editor ; Upadhyay, S.R., Author ; Adhikari, K., Author ; Rijal, T.R., Author ; Mahato, R.K., Author ; B.B Rokya, Author ; B.P Yadav, Author ; R Yadav, Author ; Chaudhary, R.N., Author ; L.N Raya, Author ; J.B Chhetri, Author
Pagination:	91-104 p.
Abstract:	A series of e~periments for varietal irTVesfigation/imptovetnent were conducted in AzFha Lattice . Design dur.ing 2000 and 2001 summer and w.inter both ·seasons. Duri"tlg 2000 summer seaso~ the result at Ram pur was poor because of the maize .borer and stalk rot problem. From the result of IfT at Rainpur during 2000 summer the genotype [P501-SRCo-F1} produced the highest (2.58 tlha) ·grain yieid and all other genotypes produc;ed l~ss than 2 t/ha grain yield However, tested genotypes were statistically non significant. At ARS, Surkhet the genotype DRACOSYN F1/l)RBC produced the highest grain yield (2.86 tlha) iollowed by"{P50]-SRCO-F11..] (2.82 t/ha) and farmer's local (2.41 tlha) respectively. purfng winter at Rampur differenr set. of IYT then the summer season· was tested. Among the tested genotype ACROSS S9528 produced .the -highest grain yield (9. 59 tlha) followed by KANPUR S952.8 (9.17 tlha) and CRAVINHOS S9531 (8.15 tlha) respectively. · Genotypes were significantly ·different. ·During. 2001 summer, the combined result of Rampur and. Surkhet showed that ACROss· S9530 produced .significantly highest grai"1fyield (4.6 tlha) followed by ACROSS S9531-(4.5 'tlha) and r.[PAHARX POOL-21 (4.4 t/ha) respe~tively. Du1:ing 200112.002 winter season, BIOSEED:..9681 pFoduced the highest grain yield (8.16 t!ha) followed by AC:ROSS 9227 (8.05 tlha) a1Jd SUWAN-3 .(7.91 · t/ha) respectively across locations. During 2000 summer ·season the tested genotypes in CVT prodtfced less then 2 t/ha grain yield . However:, a~ ARS, Surkhet Farmers' local proditced the .highest grain yield (3.30 tfha) followed by A"CROSS 9331 (3.16 tlha). In winter at Rampur from the same· set, RAMPUR COMPOSITE produced the highest grain yield (7.20 t/ha) followed by UPAHAR (7.05 tlhaj and ACRQSS. 9331 (6."93 tlha) respectively . . At Parwariipur Farmers' local produced the highest grain. yield (5.29 . t/ha) followed by AGROSS 9545 (4.2 tlha) ·during winter. season. Durmg 2001 summer season, the. combined results of Rampur and Surkhet s_howed that BIOSEED 9681 produced the _highest grain yield (4.4 tlha) followe(i by UPAHAR (3.8 . Jlha) and S97TLY-GH "~YB"(3) produced 3. 7 tlha respectively. During 2001/200i winter season, UPAHAR produced the highest grain yield (7.0 t/ha) followed by TAKFA-S9536 (6.78 t/ha) and : NARAYAN! (6.58 t/ha) respectively. The result of Parwanipur during winter seaso~ showed that . Farmers' local check producec! the hignest grain yield (5.3 t/ha) followed by ACROS$ 9545 (4.2 : t/ha) and RAMPUR. COMPOSitE (3. 7 tlha) respectively. The result of CFFT during 2001 summer, . wJiiqh was-planted at 3 OR site of NMRP Rampur (6 farmers were selected as replications) and OR" . · · ~ite of ARS Surkhet (5 farmers were seleCted as replication). Combined analysis revealed that · · UPAHAR pro4.uced th'e highest grain yield (3.5 t/ha) followed by RAMPUR COMPOSITE (3.4 tlha)' . , · .and ACRQSS-9331 RE (3.2 t/ha) respectively.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Evaluation of early/extra early maize genotypes, 2000/2001
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Mahato, R.K., Editor ; Upadhyay, S.R., Author ; Paudel, M.N., Author ; Koirala, K.B., Author ; Kunwar, C.B., Author ; Chaudhary T.N, Author ; S.P Ghimire, Author ; L.N Ray, Author ; J.B Chhetri, Author
Pagination:	105-118 p.
Abstract:	Early populations trial (EPOP), Intermediate yield trials (IYTE) Co-ordinated Varietal trials (CVTE) were conducted at different locations during 2000-2001 in summer and winter to identify the high J ielding, disease free early and extra early maize genotypes. Two sets of E;POP consisting 10 .and 15 genotypes evaluated at Rampur and .?-umle respectively during 2000 summer. Farmers local was highest yielder with 53 days of silking and Pool 15E, Arun-1 EV and Arun-4 were earliest in maturity at Rampur. Out of 15 genotypes. ~e~ted at Lumle the genotypes SADVJJ Fl, .SADVI2 Fl, ZM 521 were promising in y~eld The local check Kalipare was earliest in silking . . Twentyfour genotypes ·evaluated during 200i summer at Rampur, IWDCO# produced highest yield. Pool16 SR ZAJ.!BIA was at par in maturity with better yield over check Arun-1 and Arun-2 ~nd promoted to· IJ"TE trial. The result. of liTE conducted during 2001 summer at Rampur .showed ·significant difference for. silking ·days and non significant for yield The genotypes S97TEYGHAYB(2) and · · cross-4 were high yielder with earlier in maturity. In winter set of IYTE .the genotypes showed significant variation for yield and· other agronomic characters. EV8766 was top· yielder ·aTJd S97 TEY GHAYB{3), Pool17E,· cross~] and cross-4 werefozi.nd earliest in silking. In CVTE during 2000 summer, the combined analysis over Rampur and Surkhet locations showed significant G x .E interationfor yield and silking days. PoolJSE, Arun-4, Arun-1 E.V, ZM 301 and Pool16 C21 were promising in J ield and e_arliness. Similarly, the combined data across Kabre and Pakhribas revealed ·significant difference for yield and maturity. Arun-1 EV, Early-Mid-1/Katamani and ZM 301 were at par in ield with standard check Arun-2. Ppol.J SE was ear.liest in maturity. · In CVTE during iOOJ $Ummer, the genotypes EV8766, Pool-27 and Arun-4 were better yielder and Pool-17E, Pqol-JSE, ··Anin-2 and Pool-28 earliest in silking at Dailekh. At Surkhet, Pool-27 and EV8766 were promising in terms of yield and Pool-JSE, Pool-17E and Arun-4 earliest in maturity. At Rampur,farmers local ·was out yielder jollowed by EV8766. Pool~JSE and Pool-17E were earliest in silking. ·Combined analysis over Rampur and Surkhet showed significant G x E interaction effeci. During 2001 winter, the genotypes tested at Rampur did not differ for yield. All the genotypes produced grain yield between 3-4.46 tl ha. EV8766 was· earliest in silking. At Tarahara, the genotypes EV8766, Pool- 16C21, Arun-4 were better in yield. Pool-JSE and Pool-17E were earliest in silking. In CFFTE dlu·ing 200}. summer, the combined mean over Szirkhet and Rampur showed that Anm-4, Paol-I SE. and Pool-17E Were at par yielder with standard check Arun-2. Pool-15E and Pool-l 7E were earliest" .in silking. Similarly, combined mean over Dailelch and Kabre indicated that Arun-4 and P~ol-16 · . were b.etter yielder and Pool-I SE, P_oo[:..J7E were earliest.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Maize OPV research works at Khumaltar
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Baniya, B.K., Editor ; A Priyadarshi, Author ; K Dahal, Author
Pagination:	119-137 p.
Keywords:	OPV ; maize genotypes yield data
Abstract:	Open pollinated maize variety (OPV) is heterogeneous due to cross-pollinated during seed production. OPV maize research at Khumaltar was carried out with collaboration ofNMRP, Rampur and CJMMJ'T, Mexico since long time. The results of 2000 and 2001 are presented in this paper. · Among seven trials conducted under maize population improvement and varietal investigation project in 2000, SNSYNF1 (GCJj ... ), SZSYNK.JTJ.JISZ, ZM601C4F2##, Pantnagar 9745, Bangalm·e 9745, 4M621, Population 22, Pool 21 and Manakamana-2 were found promising in termS of yield, plant . height, earliness and disease tolerance. Among tested genotypes Across 9733 was identified as shorter (156 em) and Udipur 9433 as earlier mahtring genotype as compare to checks. In 2001, nine aclivities were conducted under maize population improvement and varietal investigation project. Among tested genotypes POB.33C4 X POB45C9, Population 44 C10, Across Me.~lco 97501, Tlaltizapan 9544, ZM621, Bangalore 9745 and ·Manakamana-2 were found high y ielder .and pro1nising. Kamiameshi (1) 8567 QPM was identif-~ed as the earliest maturing geno6pe, whereas . Pool 27 C3 QPM was· the shortest among tested genotypes. Among tested maize genotypes Pool 31C12 QPM has the highest percentage. of protein (12:06%). Last two year yield data indicates that inost ofthe OPVs yielded more than·B ton ha-1 , wher-eas some of the OPVs yielded as much as 13 ton ba-1 . The best open pollinated varfety selected at Khu(!laltar will be further tested at farmer's field in Kathmandu valley. Manakamana-2 and Bangalore 9745 are promising and can be released in Khumaltar and si1tiUar conditions.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Maize OPV research works at Khumaltar
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Baniya, B.K., Editor ; A Priyadarshi, Author ; K Dahal, Author
Pagination:	119-137 p.
Keywords:	OPV ; maize genotypes yield data
Abstract:	Open pollinated maize variety (OPV) is heterogeneous due to cross-pollinated during seed production. OPV maize research at Khumaltar was carried out with collaboration ofNMRP, Rampur and CJMMJ'T, Mexico since long time. The results of 2000 and 2001 are presented in this paper. · Among seven trials conducted under maize population improvement and varietal investigation project in 2000, SNSYNF1 (GCJj ... ), SZSYNK.JTJ.JISZ, ZM601C4F2##, Pantnagar 9745, Bangalm·e 9745, 4M621, Population 22, Pool 21 and Manakamana-2 were found promising in termS of yield, plant . height, earliness and disease tolerance. Among tested genotypes Across 9733 was identified as shorter (156 em) and Udipur 9433 as earlier mahtring genotype as compare to checks. In 2001, nine aclivities were conducted under maize population improvement and varietal investigation project. Among tested genotypes POB.33C4 X POB45C9, Population 44 C10, Across Me.~lco 97501, Tlaltizapan 9544, ZM621, Bangalore 9745 and ·Manakamana-2 were found high y ielder .and pro1nising. Kamiameshi (1) 8567 QPM was identif-~ed as the earliest maturing geno6pe, whereas . Pool 27 C3 QPM was· the shortest among tested genotypes. Among tested maize genotypes Pool 31C12 QPM has the highest percentage. of protein (12:06%). Last two year yield data indicates that inost ofthe OPVs yielded more than·B ton ha-1 , wher-eas some of the OPVs yielded as much as 13 ton ba-1 . The best open pollinated varfety selected at Khu(!laltar will be further tested at farmer's field in Kathmandu valley. Manakamana-2 and Bangalore 9745 are promising and can be released in Khumaltar and si1tiUar conditions.

in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Maize OPV research works at Khumaltar
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Baniya, B.K., Editor ; A Priyadarshi, Author ; K Dahal, Author
Pagination:	119-137 p.
Keywords:	OPV ; maize genotypes yield data
Abstract:	Open pollinated maize variety (OPV) is heterogeneous due to cross-pollinated during seed production. OPV maize research at Khumaltar was carried out with collaboration ofNMRP, Rampur and CJMMJ'T, Mexico since long time. The results of 2000 and 2001 are presented in this paper. · Among seven trials conducted under maize population improvement and varietal investigation project in 2000, SNSYNF1 (GCJj ... ), SZSYNK.JTJ.JISZ, ZM601C4F2##, Pantnagar 9745, Bangalm·e 9745, 4M621, Population 22, Pool 21 and Manakamana-2 were found promising in termS of yield, plant . height, earliness and disease tolerance. Among tested genotypes Across 9733 was identified as shorter (156 em) and Udipur 9433 as earlier mahtring genotype as compare to checks. In 2001, nine aclivities were conducted under maize population improvement and varietal investigation project. Among tested genotypes POB.33C4 X POB45C9, Population 44 C10, Across Me.~lco 97501, Tlaltizapan 9544, ZM621, Bangalore 9745 and ·Manakamana-2 were found high y ielder .and pro1nising. Kamiameshi (1) 8567 QPM was identif-~ed as the earliest maturing geno6pe, whereas . Pool 27 C3 QPM was· the shortest among tested genotypes. Among tested maize genotypes Pool 31C12 QPM has the highest percentage. of protein (12:06%). Last two year yield data indicates that inost ofthe OPVs yielded more than·B ton ha-1 , wher-eas some of the OPVs yielded as much as 13 ton ba-1 . The best open pollinated varfety selected at Khu(!laltar will be further tested at farmer's field in Kathmandu valley. Manakamana-2 and Bangalore 9745 are promising and can be released in Khumaltar and si1tiUar conditions.

in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Maize OPV research works at Khumaltar
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Baniya, B.K., Editor ; A Priyadarshi, Author ; K Dahal, Author
Pagination:	119-137 p.
Keywords:	OPV ; maize genotypes yield data
Abstract:	Open pollinated maize variety (OPV) is heterogeneous due to cross-pollinated during seed production. OPV maize research at Khumaltar was carried out with collaboration ofNMRP, Rampur and CJMMJ'T, Mexico since long time. The results of 2000 and 2001 are presented in this paper. · Among seven trials conducted under maize population improvement and varietal investigation project in 2000, SNSYNF1 (GCJj ... ), SZSYNK.JTJ.JISZ, ZM601C4F2##, Pantnagar 9745, Bangalm·e 9745, 4M621, Population 22, Pool 21 and Manakamana-2 were found promising in termS of yield, plant . height, earliness and disease tolerance. Among tested genotypes Across 9733 was identified as shorter (156 em) and Udipur 9433 as earlier mahtring genotype as compare to checks. In 2001, nine aclivities were conducted under maize population improvement and varietal investigation project. Among tested genotypes POB.33C4 X POB45C9, Population 44 C10, Across Me.~lco 97501, Tlaltizapan 9544, ZM621, Bangalore 9745 and ·Manakamana-2 were found high y ielder .and pro1nising. Kamiameshi (1) 8567 QPM was identif-~ed as the earliest maturing geno6pe, whereas . Pool 27 C3 QPM was· the shortest among tested genotypes. Among tested maize genotypes Pool 31C12 QPM has the highest percentage. of protein (12:06%). Last two year yield data indicates that inost ofthe OPVs yielded more than·B ton ha-1 , wher-eas some of the OPVs yielded as much as 13 ton ba-1 . The best open pollinated varfety selected at Khu(!laltar will be further tested at farmer's field in Kathmandu valley. Manakamana-2 and Bangalore 9745 are promising and can be released in Khumaltar and si1tiUar conditions.

in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Hybrid maize research results in Nepal, 2000-2001
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	D Sharma, Editor
Pagination:	138-175 p.
Abstract:	Observation nursery on hybrit! trial, QPM hybrii tria~ co"!posed byNMRP,Rampur and different CIMMYT hybrid trials (Normal, early, late, :and QPM hybrids) were tested during summer season of · 2000 and 2001 at Rampur and winter · season df 2000101 and 200112002 at Rampur, Parwanipur,Belachapi and Hardinath. . · Tfze objective was to identify the superior or at least .equivalent to existing co.mmercial hybrids cuyl maintain tie inbreds and make the identified hybrids · for commercial release. The hybrids developed at Rampur ·were tested in observation nersery at ~ampur, Belachapi and Parwanipur. The genotypes, locations and their interaction were highly significant for grain yield SoTI'}e hybrid gave higher yield than commercial hybrid pio.neer 3056 .. · The TAMNET late and TAMNET early hybrid trials were carried out at Rampur and Parwanipur dzt;ring 2000/2001 and 200112002. The late hybrids CTS003184, CTS3090, CTS003134,CTS993004. and the early hybrids CTSOOJJ42, CTS991034, CTSqOJJJ4, CTS991058 were found IJfomzsing in TAMNET late and 'TAMNET early Trials respectively. Similarly CTS003090, CTS003184, CTS993090, CTS003102, CTS993028, CTS993038, CTS993032, CTS983002, werefoundpromising based on the result oftropicallate yellow DMR hybrid trials during 2000 and 20Q1. The result of In counhy demonstration trial of late hybrids revealed that CTS003184, CTS003090, CTS003102 and CTS003004 were .superior for grain yield. In the same way CTS001094, CTS001030, CTS00111.4, CTS001196, CTS991018 were found promising based on the result of tropical early yellow DMR hybrid trial and In country demonstration trial of early hybrids. CMS993004, CMS99301 0, CTS993020 were found superior based on CIMMYT hybrid trial ·tropical yellow n 200112002. The result of QPM hybrid trial revealed that the hybrids CML161XCML165 and CML164 x CML172 were found pron_1ising on the basis of their higher grain yield and better pPrformance of their parent in eye observation. Among the non-convention hybrids and synthetics tested in CH1TYQINCH01 at Ram pur and Parwanipur, CLQ-6601 x CML172 was found highest yielder. The· result of CIMMYT hybrid trial tropical yellow QPM tested al Rampur, Parwanipur and Hardinath during winter season of 2000/2001 revealed that The QPM hybrids CMSQ993018, CMSQ993002, CMSQ993022, CL-G2501 X CL02450 (RE) and CMSQ993008 were the highest ~.,.ain yielders. I ikewise the hybrid CMSQ983018, CMSQ983010 and CMSQ993.014 were found highest grain yielder in CH1TYQ01 tested at Rampur during 2001/2002. The normal early' and late inbred lines CML430, CML433, . CA100108, CA14509, CML421, CA00310, . C/02836 and.CA00304, Caoo314, CA00326, CA34514, CA14524, CA 14707 were found promising on the basis of visual per se performance and heir hybrid pe1jormance are maintained at NMRP, Rampur. Similarly the QPM lines CML165, CML161, CML172! CML164, CML170 were found promising. and are being maintained at NJ.!RP, Rampur .
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Hybrid maize research works at Khumaltar
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	A Priyadarshi, Editor ; Baniya, B.K., Author ; K Dahal, Author
Pagination:	176-205 p.
Keywords:	Hybrid ; maize genotype yield inbred
Abstract:	Hybrid maize varieties yield more in high inputs condition. Hybridization is the method of producing new crop varieties in which two or more genotypes of different genetical constitution are 'crossed together. Hybridization offers the greater possibilities in crop improvement. Nepalese policy mal{ers have recognized the importance of hybrid varieties and have mentioned in nationa{ policy documents. Therefore, Agriculture Botany Division, Khlimaltar is evaluating local as well as exotic germplasm focusing on hybrid development in collaboration with NMRP, Rampur and CIMMYT, Mexico, Zimbabwe and Thailand with objective of identifying superior genotypes for high inputs mid hill condition of Nepal, and to develop and maintain maize inbred lines for hybrid development. During last three years (1999-2001), number of inbred lines and hybrid trials from different sources were evaluated at Khumaltar. Most of the hybrid yielded more than 1 0-ton ha"1 , whereas some of the hybrid yielded as much as 14 ton ha-1 • CML 287 X CML 323, CML 226 X CML 295, NC 300 X ClvfL 323 and NC 300 X CML 295 etc, hybrids were found high yielder and promising. Whereas NC 300 X CML 323 was the earliest in maturity and the shortest in plant height. In cross-pollinated crops, parents are artificially selfed to generate ideal inbred. At Khumaltar, inbred lines of superior hybrids were evaluated and maintained. In 2001 the inbred line were crossed to develop Fl generation seed, where 5 best female inbred and 5 best male inbred lines were used and twenty-one single cross F1 hybrids were developed ~nd they will be tested in 2002. CML series 20, 223, 226, 287, 295, 323, 324, 327, 329, NC 300 and Ali!ATLCOHS 92-1-1-3E-1-4-2-3-1-B-B inbred lines were promising in combining ability and agronomical characters, and they will be used in developing maize hy brids in.fitture.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Maize variety evaluation in the eastern high hills of ars pakhribas command area during 2000-2001
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Barakoti, T.P., Editor ; Paudel, M.N., Author ; P. K. Maharjan, Author
Pagination:	205-220 p.
Keywords:	Hybrid ; maize genotype yield inbred
Abstract:	Coordinated maize varietal trials were conducted at high hill (2000 m a s 1) domain of ARS, Pakhribas for two years (2000 and 200J).The objective of the experiment was to select maize genotypes/varieties tolerant to Turcicum lea[ blight with high yield potentiality to fit in the potato + maize system of eastern high hills of Nepal. The fl.v'o years results showed that none of the tested maize genotypes performed abetter than Ganesh I 'and Farm·er's local .. The exotic maize varieties in the high hill domain of eastern hills were itl.ferior to Ganesh I and farmer's local io produce grain . · .. yield and early maturation. For Turcicum leaf blight tolerance, the varieties performed differently in both the years. Therefor,e, it is recommended that there is no need of testing these varieties unless . . some better varieties are include4 in the years to come.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Maize variety research at ars Dailekh 2000-2001
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Koirala, K.B., Editor ; Gurung D.B., Author ; Pokhrel, B.B., Author ; Sharma, S.R., Author
Pagination:	221-240 p.
Keywords:	Hybrid ; maize genotype yield inbred
Abstract:	A total of five and ten field experiments on maize, varietal research was conducted in Qn station and on farm during the summer season of 2000 and 2001, respectively under HMRP funding. Qnfarm experiments were carried out in DR sitf#S. During summer 2000, nqn-significant grain yield differences of the tested genotypes in the in the CVTs (full season and early maturing), CIMMYI' hybrid trial sub-tropical white and farmers field trial was found Highly significant · tes~lt f"Or grain yield was observed only in quality protein materials. The highest grain yield ·1'\'as prodJ~:ced 'by CHZ99059 (10404 kglha) followed by CHZ99054 (9918 kg/ha),· QS7705 . · (~497 ·kg/ha) and CHZ990508 (9355 kg/ha). During summer 200.1. in sub-n·opical intermediate white QP M trial sixteen of the Menty ·entries produced hihwher grain yield than the best check .: · Arun-1 (5502 kg/ha), .Population 68 Co QPM (8603 kg/ha), Population 67 Cl QPM (8425 kg/ha), S9JSIWQ (8.345 "kg/ha) and S99SIWQ:(8325 ·kglha) produced not only better yield but also silked.eirlier or at par with standard check and produced.shorter plant and ear height as co_mpared to checks. Eighteen of the 28 tested hybrids in CIMMYT hybrid trial sub-tropical white produce~ 50% more grain yield than the best check Arun-1 (~813 kg/ha). Hybrids namely CMS935005. (U 900 kglha), CMS975989 (11370 kglha), CMI'996415 (11150 kg/ha), . ·CMSQ995907 (11140 kglha), CMSQ990569 (10360 kgfha) and CMI'Q98302l (10610 kglha) · produced grain yield 80.1 to 104.7% highe': than the best checkArun-1. But all the promising : . hybrids were found. taller, ·higher ear placement and they tool onger period for maturity (8-26 ·days) as compared to fitll season check. Manakamana-1. Eighteen of the total evaluated .hybrids .exhibited prolific character. Three way hybrid nam~ly CMI'996415 was ·the most · prolific (134). Mean grain yield, days to SO% tasseling and silking, plant stand/ha imd ears/ha shawed non-significant results (P>0.05) statistically for the entries tested in intermediate yield triai. In co-ordinoter;f.:wiriety· trial (early set), nong of the _tested genotypes out-yielded· (2.5- 35.5%) the local check. The highest grain yield 1-vas produced by EV 8766 followed by Pool 27 · (7282 /cg!haj, .drim-4 (6890 kg/ha) and Z97 EWB-F2#, (6458 kg/ha). These genotypes were · . · jouJ?d superior to St. check Anm~2 (6020 kglha). Pool17JJ; and Pool15E silked earlier (54 and . . : 55 DAS •. respectively) among the teste.d ones but their grain yield peiformance (5294 and 3663 kg/ha). anti h~~ cov(!r rating were poorer than farmer's 5.731 kglha). In co-ordinated variety tjial (full seasqn s.etJ, company hybrid Bio-seed '9781 (9834 kglha) produced 64% more grain yield than Da.ilekh local (5887 kglha} followed by Population 45 CB (7321-kg/ha), [P501-SR · Cfl-F_ll] (7! 54 _kg/ha) arid Tlaltizapan 9644 (7140 kglha). Grain·yield, plant stand/ha ·and earslha of the entries ·were found non-significant in multi-location trial. In co-ordinated farJ?lers' field trial (early maturing set) highly sig-tztflcant results (P<O. OJ) were recorded for grain yield. Farmers' variety produced yield at par with improved promising genotypes (Aru.n- . · ~ •.. Aru.n-4 and Poo116). Reduced plant and ear h~ights as well as shorter duration (o silk were · rec01:dedfor Pooi 15E and Pool17E but they prod~:iced 18.9 and 33.8% respectively less grain .yi~ld· than farmers! variety. Most of the quantitative traits viz, g~·ain yield, days to 50% (asseling and silking, plant and ear height; plan! stand/ha and number of ears/ha· were found · no1J-significant in co-ordinated farmers field trial-full seasori set. Thus, ihese evaluated entries . found promising in previous years were ai jiar w.ith farmers' variety. Only the husk ·cover tlifferences among ~lie. en:tries were observed highly signifir;ant, ZM 621 produced the poorest ,.,usk ·cover (5) and rest ofthe genotypes was at par in this aspect (1.33-1.67, 83 lines .were .developed from the 30 superior landraces froTn the Mid and Far Western hills in order to . . develop local germplasm based. white population. Thirty local landraces were erossed with · . ·. · .. : Mana~amana 1 and Arim 1 in order to identify the superior varietal crosses (non-con~entional ·. . hybrids) than·their parents (landraces).
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Community based maize seed production: A new approach for rapid promotion of the improved seeds
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Koirala, K.B., Editor ; Gurung D.B., Author ; Pokhrel, B.B., Author
Pagination:	241-244 p.
Keywords:	Hybrid ; maize genotype yield inbred
Abstract:	unavailability of quality seed with desired c]uantities has been a major constrain_ts for the hill farm{!rs .. · . of Nepal since many years. Realizing this; Agricultural Research Station (ARS) •. Dailelch·initiated a · community based seed production program at . two Village Development Com.'!"ittees (VDCs) of .. D.ailekh district in 2000 summer. The program was fourJd quite successful and liked by. the farmer:~. As a result, ten more · VDCs (sites) were added in 2001. pistrict Agriculture Development Office (DAPO) ~as t(llso involved in selecting · the seed production pockets. Impr~d ·maize ·variety. Manakamana-1 was used for (his purpose. Seed producers' groups were formed in. each site with th~ . objective of maintaining isolation and easy disposal of produced seeds of different parts of the . · district. A total of 27 and 104 farmers were involved consisting two and twelve groups in ·2000 and · 2001, respectively. Approximately 2 hectares of land was under se(Jd production in et(lch site. Seed and chemical fertiliz.er.s were provided to the groups of Bindhyabasini and Kalbhairab VDCS as free while ten groups ·received only seeds. Training and other technical support was provi4ed to all "the groups. Apou( 3 and '29."48 tons of maize seeds were produced under ihis program in 2000 ant! 2001, · . respectively. An interaction was held with the farmers on strengthening the program in future and sustainability as well. It has been ·realized that community based seed prqductiorJ is only the best option: for supplying and promoting the i;nproved seeds for the hill distriqts where input delivery . system is not well developed.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Community managed maize seed production program: an experience of ars, Lumle
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Joshi, K.R., Editor ; Tripathi, B.P., Author ; Karki, T.B., Author
Pagination:	245-252 p.
Keywords:	Hybrid ; maize genotype yield inbred
Abstract:	·The main ·objective of the program was to initiate participatory onfarm maize seed production in . ·order to. meet the local level seed demand and develop as an enterprise. ~· total of fifty ni7Je . farmers were involved in seed multiplication program. The program was conducted· at four · villages namely.Dudhekhola (river basin), ·Artbunge "(mid hill), Bhakiml (high hill) of Myagdi, . ·· district and Deitrali (mid hill) in Palpa district in the western hills of Nepal. Agricultural· Research Sta(ion, Lumle assisted to establish the revolving fund in a group to make the program ·sustainable. Far~e~s from Dudhekhola of Myagdi produced]. 0 mt of Arun -I from 2. 0 hectares· · of land and Arthunge produced I. 85 mt seed of Manakamana - I fi·om 3. 0 hectares. All together · 2. 85 mt of seed was sold to different agencies at the rate of Rs. I8. 0/kg and the remaining seeds · . were exchanged among the farmers during .summer season of 2000. Farmers from -Bhakimli produced 2.3 mt ·maize seed of (Manakamana ~I) from 2.5 hectares of land and I.O mt of white · hill pool seed was produced from I.5 hec(ares at Bhaidmli, Myagdi. Similarly, farm~rs from Deaural, Palpd produped I.O mt of Population- 22 maize· seed from I.2 hectares, ZM 62I 0.05 · . · mt. from 0. 03 hectare and Yellow hill pool was 0. 05 mt from 0. 02 hectare. A total of 3. 4 mt. of . . seed ll?~ . sold to different agenci~s at the rate of Rs. I8. 0/kg and the remaining. seeds w_ere exchanged among_ the farmers to farmers as cash and as well as kind. The net return from a · hectare oj land of Arun maize seed production was· Rs. 23885. 0/hectare at river ·basin of ' Dhudhekhola and Rs. "19I50.0/ hectare from Manakamana -I in mid hill of Arthunge and grass · product of maize seed output/inpur ratio. was 2.23 and 1".83 respectively at each location during . 2000. Similarly, net return from a hectare of land ·of maize seed was Rs. 25I59.0 at mid hill, · Dew·ali and Rs. 2~920.0 hectare from high hili Bhakimli. The gross. product of maize seed of output/input ration was 2.I6 at Deurali, Palpa and 2.0I .at Bhakimli, Myagdi districts in 200I,_ Community based maize seed production program was implemented succes$fully with the active participation of researchers, extension, liNGO 011d farmers. Farmers were highly impressed with · the community managed seed production, which helped to increase production and productivity ·as well as generated income of the farmers .through the seed. enterprise. Such program should be. . . . launched in other potential areas of the couniry to meet the seed demand of the farmers ·locally and improve the economic stahis ofthe ·hillfarme~·s.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Morphophysiological studies on early and late maize varieties
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Upadhyay, S.R., Editor ; Sharma, D., Author ; Adhikari, K., Author ; Rijal, T.R., Author
Pagination:	253-261 p.
Keywords:	Hybrid ; maize genotype yield inbred
Abstract:	·Field study was carried out to ~haracterize pnd to find out the growing degree unit (GDU) harvest index (HI) and other morphological characters of recommended and .pipeline maize . varieties Manakamana-2, Arun~4, Narayani, and Hill Pull White during winter 2000. Qu!Jiitative .· characteristics viz.; .color of glumes, anthers and silk wer.e distinctly different among vqrieties as coi?'tpared to quantitative characteristics but there was no, variation for the color of ~tem, leaf and central vein. Manakamana-2 and Hill Pull White had pure white coloured co,bs while :Arun-4 and Narayarli had white and pink/red coloured cobs. Hill Pull White had white dent seed-type and others were yellow flints. Arun-4 required less GDU for 50% Tasseling (588.9), 50% silking (624.9) and physiological maturity (1312) while Hill Pull White required maxi'!'"m GDU i:e. 797. 8, 828.5 and 1704 for 50% Tasseling, 50% silking and physiological maturity respectively. ~ Manakamana-2·attained maximum leaf area index (LAI) 1.9936 followed by Ntirdyani (1.9627) . and Hill Pull White (1.8943) at silldng stage. Narayani Producecf.the highest harvest index (HI) 0.38 followed by Aru_n-4 (0.36) and Manakamana-2. (0.34). Narayani had the highest shelling per cent (82%) followed by Hill Pull White (79%) and Arun-4 (78%) respectively among the tested varieties.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Response of summer legumes and non-legumes green manuring on winter maize yield
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Mahato, R.K., Editor ; Neupane D.D., Author ; Adhikari, K., Author ; S.P Shrivastav, Author
Pagination:	262-268 p.
Keywords:	Hybrid ; maize genotype yield inbred
Abstract:	A field experiment was conducted to evaluaie the residual effect of summer legumes, r.onlegumes as a green manures and application of traditional farm waste and farm yard manures on the winter maize production in the year 2000 and 2001 summer & winter seasons at the National Maize Research Program farm Rampur. The residual effect of in situ green manuring using five summer legumes, two non-legumes and application of 10 tlha farm waste & form yard manures was significant in increasing the winter maize grain yield. Maize that was planted 40- .:/5 days after the incorporation of szmn hemp biomass produced the highest maize grain yield (4.223 tlha) followed by sesbania green manuring. The response of mai~e yield to soyberm, cowpea, sesame, maize and farm waste manuring was observed low and non significant compared to szmn hemp, muczma, and sesbania. But maize d1y matter production and that was added to soil was found higher. The lowest maize yield was found on the fallow treatment (control). These results showed that the increased winter maize yield was the contribution of dry matter of green manures and symbiotically fixed nitrogen by the summer green manure legume crops. A significant interaction was also oberseved between the year and treahnent.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Response of early maize varieties to different level of nitrogen and plant densities
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Basnet, R., Editor ; Neupane D.D., Author
Pagination:	269-274 p.
Abstract:	The experiments," wete conducted in summer. and Wi"nter2001, .ai National Maize Research . Progrma, Rampur;_ C.hitw_an.· The ~periments were planted on RCBD factor~al-arrangement ~ith · three · replications. Two early mqize varieties were teste-d, Pool-15 E and Arun-2 . . The main _- . o_bfective of the experiments war to study the optimum le.vel ·o/nitrogen and plant density for t{arly \maize varieties. F{e{d experiment on the ear.ly . varieties of maize revealed ~ non-significant" .respQnSe to three levels of nitrogen (60, 90, . and 120 kg/ha) and three plant densities. (53, 000, · 71,000 and 95,000plantslhaj during the summer. However, the highest grqinyield of2.352 t/ha \ wqs produced by Arun-2 variety at 120/ig Nl ha-and 95,000 plant/ha .. Simiiar experiment dur.ing. 2 002. winter revealed a significant response oft reatments.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Food crops technology and their dissemination
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Bhandari, D.R., Editor ; Shrestha, K.K., Author ; Joshi, M., Author
Pagination:	275-288 p.
Languages :	English (eng)
Abstract:	The develop"ment ofagricul(ural infrastructure and-availability of improved varieties at right time . with reasonable price for farmers is very important. · Jf.!th a· view (o commercializatio{l of • agricultural production, the concept of pocket paclcage approach has been emerged from the . : . vision of Agriculture Perspective Plan (APP). Distrzct Level Level- Seed_ Sufficiency Program . · _' (DJ$SPRO) has been lauched in which farmers group are created for the production and distribution of quality.seeds ·among farmers. DISSPRO aims at developing such ff!1'mers into .. · com'mercial seed producers. Th"e pocket pa~lcage proiram and DISSP.RO are successfUl at - introdudng new chip· varieties with. its prod_uction package to farmers. As these new varieties are _ shor~ duration and pho!o insensitive, the ~rqpping patt(#rn _ha~ ~rnpr:oved because of which the · · number of crops grown in the sizme piece of land in a year has increased. As a result cropping _:inten~ity, production ·arid producti"~ity hes raised. :Also won~en participation in crop production · _ has increllsed due to· intesifica_tlon of crop activities. lfoweyer, the actual growth rate of rice ·is 3.32% maize 3.12%. and whea 3.33% as :compared ·to _targeted growth rate of 6.21% in rice, _ 4.0i% in maize qnd 4.42% in wheat during ninth five year plan.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Enhancement of soil fertility and crop productivity in acidic upland soil in the hills of Nepal
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Tripathi, B.P., Editor ; Munankarmy, R.C., Author ; ,Shakya, P.R., Author
Pagination:	289-304 p.
Languages :	English (eng)
Abstract:	.The objec(ives_ of the study were to find out the acidic areas of Eastern, Central and Western hi!ls of"Nepal, to identify acidic soil toleran.t genotypes· of different upland crops and to develop technology for ameliorating acid soil. Field experiments were also conducted to manqge the marginal maize production system with the. use of organic manure· and inorganic fertilizers as . · · . ~ell as to identify limitation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nt{trienis in different agroclimatic conditions ofwestern·hills .ofNepal. A .total of 1163 soil samples were collected from · .. five hill districts· of Eastern, anC?ther jive · districts· of Central and eleven disff:icts of Western . Nepal and analyzed for soil pH, out ofwh(ch 5,8.4% had less than 5.5 pH indicating extremely to · strongly acidic soil. Local and exotic germplasms of maize, wheat soybean upland rice and · blackiram crops were planted in the farmeis'.fields in acidic soils. In the western hills, maize · and wheat g;ain yields.. of different genotypes did not differ significantly but differed sign.ificantly in the eastern hills. Upland ric:e grain yield of western hill differed significantly but not in {he eastern hill. Grain yields of soybean differed s.ignificantly b.oth in the eastern and western hills. Yield of different blackgram genotypes did not vary significantly in the western hill an_d the yield was. very low due to drought during the blackgram growing season. In the western hills, the effect of soil amendme.nts such as ·agriculture lime, organic 'manure and phosphorus fert1lizer . . . . was· not opserved on maize and residual effect on tori ·whereas it was o~erved on wheat and , maize in ~heat-maize system.· Similarly the above.soil amendments had no significant effect on upland rice; blackgram and soybe·an. Soil amendments h_ad no significant effect on grain yields ... .of maize and green pea in m(lize-green pea system, upland rice cmd soybean crops but only on ·mustard in the Eastern· hills. In the Central hills, maize and upland rice grain yields differed significantly· due to tlie soil amend,;,ents, but no! a/soybean. The. mean data of four years showed .that u.nrf.er acidic, laiV fertility .and marginal rainfed upiand ·conditions· of exc.~siye rainfall area of Lumle, even high . dose · of balanced chemical fertilizer gaVe very poor yields of maize and . finger. millet. Application, of 120 kg N/ha 't~r~ugh or~ganic manure or combination of 60 kg Nlha · . . Jhrough organic pliJs 60:30:20 ·kg N: P20s:~20/ha through inorganic sources produced 'J.68 to · · 1. 71 tlha maize gtain/ha. ·Organic mqnure alpne or combination of organic and inorganic . ·fertilizers produced better yiel4 of re!ayed fingermillet grain (0.57-0.69 tlha)- in maize than . inorganic fer!ilizer. alone (0.36-.0.44 t/h:a). Application of 3t lim~a in second year· increased soil pH in ·an treatments ... Similarly, total N and. avaflable P · contents slightly ·increased while · e~i;hangeable K and organic ci:u.bon decreas.ed with the use. of lime. Application of 100 kg N, 100 .. . · tg Nlha +100 ~g P20J lha or 100 kg N+100 kg P,Os+100 kg K20 /h.a had no·sigfl_ificant effect, . ·. . .. · : . · · when cornpare.d with farmers' practice. But above dose of NP K plus 5t lime/ha gave significantly ·: . : · : · high yield~ compared to farmers 'practice or only 100 kg Nih a. .The objec(ives_ of the study were to find out the acidic areas of Eastern, Central and Western hi!ls of"Nepal, to identify acidic soil toleran.t genotypes· of different upland crops and to develop technology for ameliorating acid soil. Field experiments were also conducted to manqge the marginal maize production system with the. use of organic manure· and inorganic fertilizers as . · · . ~ell as to identify limitation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nt{trienis in different agroclimatic conditions ofwestern·hills .ofNepal. A .total of 1163 soil samples were collected from · .. five hill districts· of Eastern, anC?ther jive · districts· of Central and eleven disff:icts of Western . Nepal and analyzed for soil pH, out ofwh(ch 5,8.4% had less than 5.5 pH indicating extremely to · strongly acidic soil. Local and exotic germplasms of maize, wheat soybean upland rice and · blackiram crops were planted in the farmeis'.fields in acidic soils. In the western hills, maize · and wheat g;ain yields.. of different genotypes did not differ significantly but differed sign.ificantly in the eastern hills. Upland ric:e grain yield of western hill differed significantly but not in {he eastern hill. Grain yields of soybean differed s.ignificantly b.oth in the eastern and western hills. Yield of different blackgram genotypes did not vary significantly in the western hill an_d the yield was. very low due to drought during the blackgram growing season. In the western hills, the effect of soil amendme.nts such as ·agriculture lime, organic 'manure and phosphorus fert1lizer . . . . was· not opserved on maize and residual effect on tori ·whereas it was o~erved on wheat and , maize in ~heat-maize system.· Similarly the above.soil amendments had no significant effect on upland rice; blackgram and soybe·an. Soil amendments h_ad no significant effect on grain yields ... .of maize and green pea in m(lize-green pea system, upland rice cmd soybean crops but only on ·mustard in the Eastern· hills. In the Central hills, maize and upland rice grain yields differed significantly· due to tlie soil amend,;,ents, but no! a/soybean. The. mean data of four years showed .that u.nrf.er acidic, laiV fertility .and marginal rainfed upiand ·conditions· of exc.~siye rainfall area of Lumle, even high . dose · of balanced chemical fertilizer gaVe very poor yields of maize and . finger. millet. Application, of 120 kg N/ha 't~r~ugh or~ganic manure or combination of 60 kg Nlha · . . Jhrough organic pliJs 60:30:20 ·kg N: P20s:~20/ha through inorganic sources produced 'J.68 to · · 1. 71 tlha maize gtain/ha. ·Organic mqnure alpne or combination of organic and inorganic . ·fertilizers produced better yiel4 of re!ayed fingermillet grain (0.57-0.69 tlha)- in maize than . inorganic fer!ilizer. alone (0.36-.0.44 t/h:a). Application of 3t lim~a in second year· increased soil pH in ·an treatments ... Similarly, total N and. avaflable P · contents slightly ·increased while · e~i;hangeable K and organic ci:u.bon decreas.ed with the use. of lime. Application of 100 kg N, 100 kg Nlha +100 ~g P20J lha or 100 kg N+100 kg P,Os+100 kg K20 /h.a had no·sigfl_ificant effect, when cornpare.d with farmers' practice. But above dose of NP K plus 5t lime/ha gave significantly high yield~ compared to farmers 'practice or only 100 kg Nih a.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Response of maize and millet to organic and inorganic manure under maize/millet cropping pattern
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	Munankarmy, R.C., Author
Pagination:	305-321 p.
Languages :	English (eng)
Abstract:	.An experiment :with sev~n treatments consisting of two ·/eve~ of nutrients from three- sources·su.ch .< ·. as inorganic, organic and both organic + inorganic man~~e for each level and one without nutrient application was carried out from 1997 to 2000_. under maizel millet cropping pattern · in . Pakhribas. Millet was transplanted as relay crop rmd grown on residual nutrient level. Combined · yield of maize Or!d ·millet ·tended _to increase with the increased levels of nutrient in all three . sources of'manure and the incr,eased yield was higher . whf!n 'nutrients were supplied· .through. . · ·inorganic· manure folloYo~ed by combined use of both organic + inorganic manures. Nitrogen 'content i!" maize plant was higher when nutrients w.ere supplied through inorganic manure but i~ millet, .higher N content was observed with .combined use . of both organic + inorganic manures. On an average of the levels, sources and years, 1 07,59; and 199/cg N, P205 and K20 per hectare peryear respectively were taken up by two crops (maize and millet) bringing into a net negative .. balance of N and_ K_ in the soil. Fertilization with inorganic manure alone helped aggravate rate ·. · ·:of soU OM depletion and .enhanced the. soil acidity as compared to combi1_1ed application of· : organic+ inorganic manure in one is to one ratio in terms o/N equivalent amount .. This might be · · · due to ·the synergistic effect of combined use of organic+ inorganic manure.
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Climatic scenario in the three stations of Nepal agricultural research council representing different agro-ecological zones of Nepal
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	,Shrestha, S.P., Author ; K.K Sherchand, Author
Pagination:	322-336 p.
Languages :	English (eng)
Abstract:	Agri~ulture i3 vulnerable to climate. It is weather dependent. Nepal has a wide variety of climates from subtropics in the south, warm and cool in the hills, to cold in the mountains, which determ'ines . overall biodiJ~ersity and agriculhtral development activities. This paper presents the climatic scenarios of three Agricultural Research Stations of Neap Agricultural Research Council representing terai, hill and mountain bidts. Bhairahawa at 109m as/ is the hottest among .the selected station with daily maximum temperature 36.44 °C on dry daYs and 33.61 °C on wet days during July and May respectively. The probably of wet days is higher on the month of July-August. And the total daily precipitation is higher during July when daily hours of bright sunshine is the lowest 30.51 % of day length on wet days. Khumaltar 1350m as/ with the highest daily maximum . temperahtre 29.02 °C and minimum lemperature 20.04 °C on d1y days has higher probability of wet· days during July when the daily hours of bright sunshine is the lowest 28.12 % of day length on wet days. Similarly, Jumla at 2300m as/ has the highest daily maximum temperature 26.65 °C and minimum lemperah.tre 15.87 °C on dry days. Here, the higher probability of daily precipitation falls during August. At Bhairahawa, the daily maximum temperature is increasing at the rate of0.05 OC . per year where as at Khumaltar the daily maximum temperature is increasing at the rate of0.12 OC . per year. There is no increase in daily maximum temperature at Jumlt:J.. During 1997 some extreme events are found in all Jhe selected stations. However, high and low precipitations are observed in some years, there is no significant increase trend of total annual precipilatian over the years. ·
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in Proceedings of the 23rd National Summer Crops Workshop on Maize Research and Production held NARC Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, July 2-4, 2002, / Adhikari, K.

Title :	Report on outreach research activities on winter and summer crops at NMRP, outreach research command area 2001/20202
Material Type:	printed text
Authors:	,Ghimire, R.C., Author ; Adhikari, K., Author ; G.B Hamal, Author ; A.P Aryal, Author ; T.N Ghimire, Author
Pagination:	337-350 p.
Languages :	English (eng)
Abstract:	Agri~ulture i3 vulnerable to climate. It is weather dependent. Nepal has a wide variety of climates from subtropics in the south, warm and cool in the hills, to cold in the mountains, which determ'ines . overall biodiJ~ersity and agriculhtral development activities. This paper presents the climatic scenarios of three Agricultural Research Stations of Neap Agricultural Research Council representing terai, hill and mountain bidts. Bhairahawa at 109m as/ is the hottest among .the selected station with daily maximum temperature 36.44 °C on dry daYs and 33.61 °C on wet days during July and May respectively. The probably of wet days is higher on the month of July-August. And the total daily precipitation is higher during July when daily hours of bright sunshine is the lowest 30.51 % of day length on wet days. Khumaltar 1350m as/ with the highest daily maximum . temperahtre 29.02 °C and minimum lemperature 20.04 °C on d1y days has higher probability of wet· days during July when the daily hours of bright sunshine is the lowest 28.12 % of day length on wet days. Similarly, Jumla at 2300m as/ has the highest daily maximum temperature 26.65 °C and minimum lemperah.tre 15.87 °C on dry days. Here, the higher probability of daily precipitation falls during August. At Bhairahawa, the daily maximum temperature is increasing at the rate of0.05 OC . per year where as at Khumaltar the daily maximum temperature is increasing at the rate of0.12 OC . per year. There is no increase in daily maximum temperature at Jumlt:J.. During 1997 some extreme events are found in all Jhe selected stations. However, high and low precipitations are observed in some years, there is no significant increase trend of total annual precipilatian over the years. ·
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