In organic farming pests and diseases of crops are managed by various ways such  as  use of  mechanical,  physical and  cultural  means,  resistant/tolerant cultivars of various crops, biological control agents (predators, parasitoids, and pathogens), organic products (animal urine, dung, compost, milk, soaps, plant products, mineral oils). Pest behavior modifying substances  (attractants and repellents) can also be used. Synthetic chemical pesticides and fertilizers are avoided in organic farming.  Of the above means, most of them are available and belnq used by Nepali farmers in limited scale and areas. Pesticidal plant resources are abundant in  Nepal, which have not been fully harnessed. Neem tree is a treasure of pesticides, which is being neglected by farmers and forest development workers. There is a need to create awareness of organic  pest management  (OPM)  among the farmers.  Many of the farmers'  practices  in pest management  need to be verified for their scientific merit. Some of the effective  biological  control  means (such  as pesticidal  preparations  of bacteria and  viruses)  are  very  expensive  and  beyond the  reach  of  small  farmers. Hence, cheaper means are to be searched.

In organic farming pests and diseases of crops are managed by various ways such  as  use of  mechanical,  physical and  cultural  means,  resistant/tolerant cultivars of various crops, biological control agents (predators, parasitoids, and pathogens), organic products (animal urine, dung, compost, milk, soaps, plant products, mineral oils). Pest behavior modifying substances  (attractants and repellents) can also be used. Synthetic chemical pesticides and fertilizers are avoided in organic farming.  Of the above means, most of them are available and belnq used by Nepali farmers in limited scale and areas. Pesticidal plant resources are abundant in  Nepal, which have not been fully harnessed. Neem tree is a treasure of pesticides, which is being neglected by farmers and forest development workers. There is a need to create awareness of organic  pest management  (OPM)  among the farmers.  Many of the farmers'  practices  in pest management  need to be verified for their scientific merit. Some of the effective  biological  control  means (such  as pesticidal  preparations  of bacteria and  viruses)  are  very  expensive  and  beyond the  reach  of  small  farmers. Hence, cheaper means are to be searched.