A historical review of the livestock development activities inNepal for the past six decades have been carried out. The institutional development has undergone many changes within this periodand that major activity at the government level seems to have beenconcentrated on the establishment of infrastructure. The livestockdevelopment process in the earlier stages was very slow because ofshortage of trained manpower, poor organization, mal-distribution and low budgetary provision. The influence of foreign aid from thevery beginning in the development of livestock farms, animal healthservices and dairy development projects was more pronounced inmobilizing the existing resources with better management practicesand incentives to the technicians. Unfortunately, when the foreigninvestment was reduced to a minimum or completely removed thestandard of the livestock farms and the project management was greatly handicapped. The problem with the government operated farms and projects is in eligibility of disbursing the available funds by the concerned HMG authority an.d need for improved manage­ment.  The other cause of reduced quality of work was associated,in part by donors approaches. There appeared to be conceptual differenc-es between the donor perception of development and that of the recipients in shaping the programme. Currently, there arethree major institutions namely Department of Livestock Services(DLS), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC) and Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS) carrying out animalscience development and research activities within the country.Suggestion is being made that Department of Livestock Services,National Agricultural Research  Centre should  take into consideringin further planning stages, the following aspects such as: 1. Socio­economic study of sustainable programme, 2. Study of animalagriculture system, 3. Research and extension linkages, 4. Organizing animal breeding improvement and pasture development programme, 5. Organizing meetings and seminars,  6. Timely monitoring and evaluation of  the projects,  7.  Consideration  of  ethnicity and animal agriculture system, and 8. Study of the succession ofanimal demography along with the socio-economic  development  ofthe farmers. All of the above aspects are fully discussed in thepaper with specific recommendations.

 A historical review of the livestock development activities inNepal for the past six decades have been carried out. The institutional development has undergone many changes within this periodand that major activity at the government level seems to have beenconcentrated on the establishment of infrastructure. The livestockdevelopment process in the earlier stages was very slow because ofshortage of trained manpower, poor organization, mal-distribution and low budgetary provision. The influence of foreign aid from thevery beginning in the development of livestock farms, animal healthservices and dairy development projects was more pronounced inmobilizing the existing resources with better management practicesand incentives to the technicians. Unfortunately, when the foreigninvestment was reduced to a minimum or completely removed thestandard of the livestock farms and the project management was greatly handicapped. The problem with the government operated farms and projects is in eligibility of disbursing the available funds by the concerned HMG authority an.d need for improved manage­ment.  The other cause of reduced quality of work was associated,in part by donors approaches. There appeared to be conceptual differenc-es between the donor perception of development and that of the recipients in shaping the programme. Currently, there arethree major institutions namely Department of Livestock Services(DLS), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC) and Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS) carrying out animalscience development and research activities within the country.Suggestion is being made that Department of Livestock Services,National Agricultural Research  Centre should  take into consideringin further planning stages, the following aspects such as: 1. Socio­economic study of sustainable programme, 2. Study of animalagriculture system, 3. Research and extension linkages, 4. Organizing animal breeding improvement and pasture development programme, 5. Organizing meetings and seminars,  6. Timely monitoring and evaluation of  the projects,  7.  Consideration  of  ethnicity and animal agriculture system, and 8. Study of the succession ofanimal demography along with the socio-economic  development  ofthe farmers. All of the above aspects are fully discussed in thepaper with specific recommendations.