Field experiments were conducted in 1998 and 1999 to determine the losses in grain yield due to finger blast caused by Pyricularia grisea in different growth stages of fingermillet CV GE 5001. The trials were planted during 2"d week of July and heading took place on 90 d after seeding in both years. Crop stage at which finiger infection took place on 10, 17, 24, 31 and 38 d after heading were considered as 5 treatments replicated 6 times in a randomized block design. Yield and yield components were significantlyinfluenced byfi nger blast 11-·hen infectiont ook place in different stages/days after heading (DAH). The treatments which involved finger infection at early flowering stage (1 0 DAH) had highest decrease in finger length, grain number, grain yield and test weight (14. 4, 56.2, 74.6 and 45.4%) respectively as compared to finger infection on 38 DAH Thetreatments in which disease· appeared on 17, 24 & 31 DAH had similar effects on. the yield attributes under investigation. When finger were infected at later stages of grainfilling i.e. 31 & 38 DAH, similar effects but decrease in the reduction of grain yield and yield components were observed. There existed a· strong linear relationship (R2=0. 99,0.93, 0.99 & 0.98) betweenfiniger·length, grain number, grain yield and test weight and finger age at infection. As the age of fingers increased · reduction in yield & yield attributes due to finger blast decreased. The results suggest that finger infection at later ·stages of grain development (31 & 38 DAH) will not have much effect on finger length, grain number, grain yield and test weight.

Field experiments were conducted in 1998 and 1999 to determine the losses in grain yield due to finger blast caused by Pyricularia grisea in different growth stages of fingermillet CV GE 5001. The trials were planted during 2"d week of July and heading took place on 90 d after seeding in both years. Crop stage at which finiger infection took place on 10, 17, 24, 31 and 38 d after heading were considered as 5 treatments replicated 6 times in a randomized block design. Yield and yield components were significantlyinfluenced byfi nger blast 11-·hen infectiont ook place in different stages/days after heading (DAH). The treatments which involved finger infection at early flowering stage (1 0 DAH) had highest decrease in finger length, grain number, grain yield and test weight (14. 4, 56.2, 74.6 and 45.4%) respectively as compared to finger infection on 38 DAH Thetreatments in which disease· appeared on 17, 24 & 31 DAH had similar effects on. the yield attributes under investigation. When finger were infected at later stages of grainfilling i.e. 31 & 38 DAH, similar effects but decrease in the reduction of grain yield and yield components were observed. There existed a· strong linear relationship (R2=0. 99,0.93, 0.99 & 0.98) betweenfiniger·length, grain number, grain yield and test weight and finger age at infection. As the age of fingers increased · reduction in yield & yield attributes due to finger blast decreased. The results suggest that finger infection at later ·stages of grain development (31 & 38 DAH) will not have much effect on finger length, grain number, grain yield and test weight.

Since 1997, an experiment was started at ARS Lumle (1660m asl) to develop suitablecrop rotation and utilize theit crop residues for maintaining soil fertility in maize basedcropping system. The objective of the experiment was to find out the response of organicand inorganic fertilizers on crop yields and to measure the changes in soil fertility inresponse to manure, fertilizers crop residues and legumes in crop rotation. In thisexperiment ten different combinations of maize- based cropping system and organic andinorganic fertilizers with plus and minus residues were taken as treatments and replicatedthree times. The three yearsdata of maize shows that grain yield with respect totreatments are significantly different whereas the millet grain yield was insignificant.Maize grain yield gradually decreased over years. The highest mean maize grain yield (1717 kglha) was recorded in the treatment of FYM equivalent to 120 kg Nlha followedby the treatment of FYM equivalent to 60 kg N/ha plus 60:30:20 kg N:P205:K20/ha(1695 kg/ha). Significant effect of treatments on millet yield v.as not observed. Whencombining the yield of maize and millet, effect of treatments were significant amongtreatments. Application of FYM equivalent to 60 kg N/ha through organic manure plus60:30:20 kg N:P20s:K20iha as well as 120 kg N/ha alone supplied through organicmanure gave the highest grain yield of maize+millet 2286 kglha and 2273 kglharespectively. Nutrients (N, P and K) uptake by maize and millet also followed the samepattern of grain yield of maize and millet. Application of 3 t lime/ha in the second yearincreased soil pH from less than 5.0 up to 5.5 . A ailable P increased with the addition ofhigh dose of organic or/and inorganic fertilizer. Slight increase of total N in mosttreatments was also recorded. Organic carbon .and exchangeable K remained more or less
same.

Since 1997, an experiment was started at ARS Lumle (1660m asl) to develop suitablecrop rotation and utilize theit crop residues for maintaining soil fertility in maize basedcropping system. The objective of the experiment was to find out the response of organicand inorganic fertilizers on crop yields and to measure the changes in soil fertility inresponse to manure, fertilizers crop residues and legumes in crop rotation. In thisexperiment ten different combinations of maize- based cropping system and organic andinorganic fertilizers with plus and minus residues were taken as treatments and replicatedthree times. The three yearsdata of maize shows that grain yield with respect totreatments are significantly different whereas the millet grain yield was insignificant.Maize grain yield gradually decreased over years. The highest mean maize grain yield (1717 kglha) was recorded in the treatment of FYM equivalent to 120 kg Nlha followedby the treatment of FYM equivalent to 60 kg N/ha plus 60:30:20 kg N:P205:K20/ha(1695 kg/ha). Significant effect of treatments on millet yield v.as not observed. Whencombining the yield of maize and millet, effect of treatments were significant amongtreatments. Application of FYM equivalent to 60 kg N/ha through organic manure plus60:30:20 kg N:P20s:K20iha as well as 120 kg N/ha alone supplied through organicmanure gave the highest grain yield of maize+millet 2286 kglha and 2273 kglharespectively. Nutrients (N, P and K) uptake by maize and millet also followed the samepattern of grain yield of maize and millet. Application of 3 t lime/ha in the second yearincreased soil pH from less than 5.0 up to 5.5 . A ailable P increased with the addition ofhigh dose of organic or/and inorganic fertilizer. Slight increase of total N in mosttreatments was also recorded. Organic carbon .and exchangeable K remained more or less
same.

Field experiment in maize-finger millet system was carried out in the bari land in farmer's field of Dordor Gaun(850 rn asl) in Tanahu district. The objective of this study was to find out the effect of organic manure and inorganic fertilizer application alone and in combination directly on maize grain yield and residual eff

Field experiment in maize-finger millet system was carried out in the bari land in farmer's field of Dordor Gaun(850 rn asl) in Tanahu district. The objective of this study was to find out the effect of organic manure and inorganic fertilizer application alone and in combination directly on maize grain yield and residual eff

Barley (Hordeum vulgare. Linn.) is perhaps the oldest crop among cereals. Though the exact time of the onset of its cultivation has not been known, the deliberate plating and and  Harvesting of grain was probably beginning about 8000 B C. It seems likely that the wild barley (Hordeum 5pontaneum Koch. ) was widely spread in Asia minor and middle east approximately 1 O.OOOBC (Briggs 1978).

Earliest cultivation of barley was two- rowed types however occasional samples of riakedand I or six-rowed barley were found. The farmers nu doubt selected and propagated these new forms. Gradually six-rowed type;: became more common in irrigated river valleys (Nile valleys, Mesopotamia and Harappa) of ancient civilization from where reached India and China. No two- rowed barley \vas grown in India until 1874 (Briggs

1978).

In the Bronze Age (4000-JOOOBC) barle) was the staple food of Scandinavian countries specially Denmark. Barley porridge had for hundred of years been the national foot.! for Denmark. Although de-hulled wheat as a sole diet results in beriberi symptoms, de-hulled barley does not produce these symptoms and must therefore contain larger amount of vitamins within the seed (Munck, 1977).

Barley (Hordeum vulgare. Linn.) is perhaps the oldest crop among cereals. Though the exact time of the onset of its cultivation has not been known, the deliberate plating and and  Harvesting of grain was probably beginning about 8000 B C. It seems likely that the wild barley (Hordeum 5pontaneum Koch. ) was widely spread in Asia minor and middle east approximately 1 O.OOOBC (Briggs 1978).

Earliest cultivation of barley was two- rowed types however occasional samples of riakedand I or six-rowed barley were found. The farmers nu doubt selected and propagated these new forms. Gradually six-rowed type;: became more common in irrigated river valleys (Nile valleys, Mesopotamia and Harappa) of ancient civilization from where reached India and China. No two- rowed barley \vas grown in India until 1874 (Briggs

1978).

In the Bronze Age (4000-JOOOBC) barle) was the staple food of Scandinavian countries specially Denmark. Barley porridge had for hundred of years been the national foot.! for Denmark. Although de-hulled wheat as a sole diet results in beriberi symptoms, de-hulled barley does not produce these symptoms and must therefore contain larger amount of vitamins within the seed (Munck, 1977).

Barley genotypes were tested under two different em ironments (Mid hill and high hills).there were altogether three different activities on barley varietal research ·work viz.CVT(coordinated varietal trial). Initial Evaluation Triai(IET) and National Observation Nursery(NON) conducted at both environments. During 1998/99, ther.e. were 12 genotypes tested under CVT-H including check (Bonus std. local Jau check). Among the tested genotypes NB I 003-3 71/1.034 produced the highest grain yield (3411 kglha) followed by Ace. # 1574 (3268 kglha) and B86099-2-1-0K (3238 kglha) across location. Other high yielding genotype·s ' ere 886152-2-3-0K. X veola-13, X veola-112 & B86065·d.- l -4-0K. In the same year (1998/99) 12 genotypes were tested under CVT-M (Kabre & Jumla). In Jumla NB1003-37//903 produced the highe

Barley genotypes were tested under two different em ironments (Mid hill and high hills).there were altogether three different activities on barley varietal research ·work viz.CVT(coordinated varietal trial). Initial Evaluation Triai(IET) and National Observation Nursery(NON) conducted at both environments. During 1998/99, ther.e. were 12 genotypes tested under CVT-H including check (Bonus std. local Jau check). Among the tested genotypes NB I 003-3 71/1.034 produced the highest grain yield (3411 kglha) followed by Ace. # 1574 (3268 kglha) and B86099-2-1-0K (3238 kglha) across location. Other high yielding genotype·s ' ere 886152-2-3-0K. X veola-13, X veola-112 & B86065·d.- l -4-0K. In the same year (1998/99) 12 genotypes were tested under CVT-M (Kabre & Jumla). In Jumla NB1003-37//903 produced the highe

Barley (Hordiwn vulgare) is the second winter crop of Nepal. More than 90% of total barley area
(31843 h

Barley (Hordiwn vulgare) is the second winter crop of Nepal. More than 90% of total barley area
(31843 h

Hill Crops Research Programme (HCRP) initiated this experiment in Kabre, during
199811999. The main objectiive of 

Hill Crops Research Programme (HCRP) initiated this experiment in Kabre, during
199811999. The main objectiive of 

Farmers' Field Trials (FFTs) were conducted on Barley and Wheat at Outreach Research Sites· (Yarsha, Mati and Khimti) of Hill Crops Research Programme (HCRP), Kahre during 98/99 and 99/00 to verify the performance of superior genot) pes in fam1ers' field
under various agro-ecological environments. During 98/99, six barley genotypes were tested at Yarsha (mountain environment) and
the genotype NB1003-37/1112 produced the highest grain yield (3.55 tlha) which is a candidate to be release in the da) s to come.
Among six wheat genotypes tested in the same ) ear at Khimti (foothill and terai set), significant yield difference was obtained. The genotype NL 792 produced the highest . grain yield (4.6 tlha). Similarly six wheat genotypes were also tested at Yarsha
(mountain set) during 98/99 and NL 769 produced the highest grain yield (2.698 t/ha). During 99/00, six wheat genotypes were tested in Mati (mid hill set). Though there was no significant!) ditierence in grain yield, the genotype BL 1473 produced the highest grain yield (3 .4 7 t/

Farmers' Field Trials (FFTs) were conducted on Barley and Wheat at Outreach Research Sites· (Yarsha, Mati and Khimti) of Hill Crops Research Programme (HCRP), Kahre during 98/99 and 99/00 to verify the performance of superior genot) pes in fam1ers' field
under various agro-ecological environments. During 98/99, six barley genotypes were tested at Yarsha (mountain environment) and
the genotype NB1003-37/1112 produced the highest grain yield (3.55 tlha) which is a candidate to be release in the da) s to come.
Among six wheat genotypes tested in the same ) ear at Khimti (foothill and terai set), significant yield difference was obtained. The genotype NL 792 produced the highest . grain yield (4.6 tlha). Similarly six wheat genotypes were also tested at Yarsha
(mountain set) during 98/99 and NL 769 produced the highest grain yield (2.698 t/ha). During 99/00, six wheat genotypes were tested in Mati (mid hill set). Though there was no significant!) ditierence in grain yield, the genotype BL 1473 produced the highest grain yield (3 .4 7 t/